2) 谓语动词有两个宾语,变成被动语态时,通常将指人的间接宾语转化成主语,有时也可将指物的直接宾语转化成主语。
The mother gave the child some money.→The child was given some money (by the mother)
或Some money was given to the child(by the mother).
用直接宾语作被动语态的主语时,通常在间接宾语前加上适当的介词(如tofor等),以加强间接宾语的语气。
They awarded him the Nobel Prize. 他们颁给他了诺贝尔奖。
→The Nobel Prize was awarded to him. 诺贝尔奖颁给了他。
3) 谓语动词后跟复合宾语,变成被动语态时,宾语转化成主语,宾语补足语不变,但相应成为主语补足语。
They painted the house white. 他们把房子刷成白色的。
→The house was painted white(by them)房子被刷成了白色的。
4) 带有宾语从句的句子变成被动语态时,通常用it来作为被动句的形式主语,谓语动词改为be done结构,宾语从句保持不变。
They said that he had gone abroad to study English. 他们说他去国外学英语了。
→It was said that he had gone abroad to study English. 据说他去国外学英语了。
3. 没有被动语态的动词
不及物动词,一些表示状态及拥有的及物动词,以及haveget, owe, belong to, cost等动词或短语动词没有被动语态形式。
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