pump sth up[M]1 to fill something with air using a pump:　Have you pumped up the balloons yet? ○I must pump the tyres up on my bike. 2INFORMAL to increase something by a large amount:　The US was able to pump up exports. ○Let’s pump up the volume a bit!

　　pump-action/ˈpʌmp. æk. ʃn/ adjective [BEFORE NOUN]describes a device which operates by forcing something, especially air, in or out of a closed space or container: a pump-action shotgun ○a pump-action toilet

　　ˈpumpˌ priming noun[U]SPECIALIZED the activity of helping a business, programme, economy, etc. to develop by giving it money:　The government is awarding small, pump-priming grants to single mothers who are starting their own businesses.

　　pun/pʌn/

　　▶noun[C]a humorous use of a word or phrase which has several meanings or which sounds like another word:　She made a couple of dreadful puns. ○This is a well-known joke based on a pun:　“What’s black and white and red(=read)all over? “ “A newspaper. “

　　▶verb[I](-nn-)to make a pun

　　punch/pʌntʃ/

　　▶noun HIT1[C]a forceful hit with a FIST(=closed hand):　She gave him a punch UK on/US in the nose. EFFECT2[U]the power to be interesting and have a strong effect on people: I felt the performance/speech/presentation lacked punch. DRINK3[C OR U]a cold or hot drink made by mixing fruit juices, pieces of fruit and often wine or other alcoholic drinks TOOL4[C]a piece of equipment which cuts holes in a material by pushing a piece of metal through it:　a ticket punch ○Have you seen the hole punch anywhere?

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