2017届高考英语牛津版一轮复习语法考点专练课件：8 介词和动词词组_高考复习指南

2017届高考英语牛津版一轮复习语法考点专练课件：8 介词和动词词组

　　②用于表示特定的上午、下午或晚上,如:on the eve of victory(胜利前夕),on the morning of January the third,on the afternoon of his arrival ③准时,按时:on time 2.in,after in表时间,常表示“在……时间之内”,有时in还有“在……时间之后”的意思,但表示此意时,必须具备两个条件:①所修饰的动词必须表将来;②后面必须是一段时间。这两个条件缺一不可,否则用after或later。 after表时间,意为“在……之后”。通常“after+时间段”与过去时连用;“af- ter+时间点”与将来时连用。如: My father will be back in three days. 我父亲将在3天以后回来。 My father will be back after 3 o'clock. 我父亲将在3点后回来。 My father came back after 3 days/3 days later. 我父亲3天后回来的。 3.for,from,since for后接表时间段的名词词组,表示行为或状态持续了多久;from后接表时间点的名词词组,表示行为或状态的起始点,而不涉及其持续时间的长短;since后接表时间点的名词词组,不仅表示行为或状态的起始点,而且还强调该行为或状态从起始点一直持续到此时此刻,因而常与延续性动词的现在完成时连用。如:

　　Mr.Brown enjoyed the country life and lived there for almost fifteen years after his retirement. 布朗先生喜欢乡村生活,自从退休后他在那里生活了差不多15年了。 My younger sister began to learn dance from the age of five. 我妹妹从5岁开始学习舞蹈。 Tom has been doing his homework since 7 o'clock. 汤姆从7点开始就一直做他的家庭作业。三、工具、手段、方式介词 1.by,in,on 三个词都表示旅行的方式。 (1)不涉及交通工具的名词时用by,名词前不带冠词。如:by sea,by water,by land,by air等。 (2)涉及交通工具的名词时用by,但名词须用单数,其前面不加冠词或任何修饰语。如:by bike,by taxi,by plane,by ship/boat,by train,by spaceship等。 (3)当旅行方式涉及确定特指的交通工具时,用on或in,名词前应有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰语。如:travel to New York in this plane,leave on an ear- ly train,go to school on my bike等。说明:步行、骑马、骑骆驼均用on。如:on foot,on horseback/on a horse,on the camel。 2.with,by,in 三个词均意为“用”,表示行为的工具、手段或方式。 (1)with用于有形的工具或某些身体器官之前,其后的名词多被冠词、物主代词等修饰。如: They are digging with a pick/spade. 他们正在用一把镐/铲挖。 We see with our eyes,hear with our ears,and walk with our legs. 我们用眼睛看,用耳朵听,并用腿走。 (2)by,in,on,over,through等多用于无形的工具、方式或手段之前。如:by hand, in ink,on the telephone,over the radio,through the telescope等。说明:①使用语言、原料、材料时用in表示,如:in English/Japanese;in blue ink ②表达“用……方法/方式”时,所用介词分别为: in this/that/the same wayby means of by this/that meanswith this/that method 四、表原因的介词短语because of,due to,thanks to 表原因的介词短语意义例句 because of 意为“因为,由于”,通常作状语,位于句首或句中。 The sports meet will be put off till next Saturday because of the heavy rain.由于下大雨,这次运动会将推迟到下周六。 due to 意为“由于,因为”,通常作表语。 His illness was due to smoking and drinking.他的病是由于抽烟和喝酒。 thanks to 意为“幸亏,多亏”,既可用于褒义,又可用于贬义,多用于句首。 Thanks to the Party's good policy,the farmers are now living a happy and rich life.多亏有党的好政策,农民们现在过着既幸福又富有的生活。知识清单二　中学阶段的重点动词及动词词组归纳 1.add (1)If you add 5 to 5,you get 10.把……加到……上面 Five added to five is/makes 10. (2)The balloons added to the festival atmosphere.增加 (3)His whole school education added up to no more than one year.加起来总共 (4)Add up the numbers,and you will get 1155.把……加起来 2.agree (1)agree on就……达成共识 (2)agree to do sth.同意做某事 (3)agree to the plan/decision/arrangement同意 (4)I don't agree with you/what you said/your advice.同意