Men who had been stressed by the cold- water task tended to take more risks in the experiment while women responded in the opposite way. In stressful situations in which risk- taking can pay off big, men may tend to do better; when caution weighs more, however, women will win.

　　This tendency to slow down and become more cautious when decisions are risky might also help explain why women are less likely to become addicted than men: they may more often avoid making the risky choices that eventually harden into addiction.

　　1. We can learn from the passage that people under pressure tend to　.　

　　A. keep rewards better in their memory

　　B. recall consequences more effortlessly

　　C. make risky decisions more frequently

　　D. learn a subject more effectively

　　2. According to the research, stress affects people most probably in their　.　

　　A. ways of making choices　B. preference for pleasure　

　　C. tolerance of punishmentsD. responses to suggestions

　　3. The research has proved that in a stressful situation,　.　

　　A. women find it easier to fall into certain habits

　　B. men have a greater tendency to slow down

　　C. women focus more on outcomes

　　D. men are more likely to take risks

　　【参考答案】　1—3、AAD

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