答案:B 词义猜测题。根据第六段可知,Barish认为,当我们挑选出最佳球员或进步最大的球员并授予他们奖杯的时候,我们给孩子们传递了一个错误的信号:获胜就是一切。因此画线的短语“single out”,意为“挑出”。
31.Which shows the correct structure of the text?
答案:B 文章结构题。本文的第一段为导语,导入讨论的话题。第二、三段陈述了斯坦福大学的心理学教授Carol Dweck的主要观点:反对人人获奖。下文(第四段至第七段)陈述的是纽约市威尔康乃尔医学院的心理学教授Kenneth Barish的观点,即赞成人人获奖。因此B项清晰地展示了本文的结构。
D
(2017·陕西西安一中二模)
When a rare disease ALD threatened to kill the fouryearold boy Lorenzo, his parents refused to give up hope. Doctors explained that there was no cure for ALD, and that he would probably die within three years. But Lorenzo's parents set out to prove the doctors wrong.
The parents devoted themselves to keeping their son alive and searching for a cure. But doctors and the families of other ALD patients often refused to take them seriously. They thought the efforts to find a cure were a waste of time, and drug companies weren't interested in supporting research into such a rare disease.
However, the parents still refused to give up and spent every available hour in medical libraries and talking to anyone who would help. Through trial and error, they finally created a cure from ingredients (调粒) commonly found in the kitchen. The cure, named “Lorenzo's Oil”, saved the boy's life. Despite the good results, scientists and doctors remained unconvinced. They said there was no real evidence that the oil worked and that the treatment was just a theory. As a result, some families with ALD children were reluctant to try it.
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