Or the bug could be a small machine or object，for example，a bug－shaped car.The bug could also be a burglar alarm，from which comes the expression to bug，that is，“to install (安装) an alarm”．Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others’ conversation.Since the 1840s，to bug has long meant “to cheat”，and since the 1940s it has been annoying.

　　We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design.That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison.In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product.In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering ‘a bug’ in his invented record player.”

　　【语篇导读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了bug一词在不同时期的不同含义和用法。

　　1．We learn from Paragraph 1 that ________．

　　A．Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug

　　B．George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug

　　C．the word bug was still popularly used in England in the nineteenth century

　　D．both Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century

　　答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“..wrote in his diary in 1785...”及该段第三句 “When Washington wrote that，Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century，and Americans had already created lightning－bug(萤火虫)．”可知，在18世纪英国人和美国人都已使用bug这个词了。故答案选D。]

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