2017届高考英语大一轮复习专题课件：专题11 阅读理解（全国通用）_高考复习指南

2017届高考英语大一轮复习专题课件：专题11 阅读理解（全国通用）

　　D.Snake Doctor 解析　文章陈述了一系列同等重要的细节，都是围绕“一位治疗毒蛇咬伤的医生”展开的。所以标题为D。答案　D 总之，正确理解文章或段落的主题思想是阅读的首要目的。因此，提高识别文章结构并准确找出主题句的能力和准确归纳总结出无主题句文章的主题思想的能力，是提高阅读理解能力的重要环节。而从无主题句的文章中总结出主题思想的能力尤其是考试的重点，也是我们平常阅读训练时难度较大的一项，这就需要我们在阅读任何文章时都要下意识地归纳总结其主旨大意。要恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题的写作方式。一般来说，标题的写作方式是：以话题为核心，将控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句句意或中心思想的短语。比如某一文章的中心句子为： Coffee is a universal beverage that is served in different ways around the world. 话题：Coffee 控制性概念：is a universal beverage that is served in different ways around the world 标题：Coffee Around the World 注意：做此类题时，要避免下列三种错误： 1.概括不够(多表现为部分替代整体，从而导致范围太小)； 2.过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围)； 3.以事实、细节替代抽象的大意。

　　I suddenly heard an elephant crying as though frightened.Looking down，I immediately recognized that something was wrong，and ran down to the edge of the near bank.There I saw Ma Shwe with her three-month-old calf struggling in the fast-rising water，and it was a life-and-death struggle.Her calf was floating and screaming with fear.Ma Shwe was as near to the far bank as she could get，holding her whole body against the rushing water，and keeping the calf pressed against her huge body.Every now and then the rushing water would sweep the calf away. Just at this moment，she fell back into the river.If she were carried down，it would be certain death.I knew，as well as she did，that there was one spot(地点)where she could get up the bank，but it was on the other side from where she had put her calf. While I was wondering what I could do next，I heard the sound of a mother’s love.Ma Shwe had crossed the river and got up the bank and was making her way back as fast as she could，roaring(吼叫)all the time，but to her calf it was music. What can be the best title for the text? A.A Mother’s Love B.A Brave Act C.A Deadly River D.A Matter of Life and Death 答案　A　[标题应该具有概括性。文章先向读者展示了一幅惊心动魄的画面，然后用险象环生的故事情节紧紧扣住读者的心弦，最后十分自然而又含蓄地点明了文章的主旨，即伟大的母爱可以克服任何困难。由此可见无论是湍急的河流，还是奇迹的发生，最终都是为刻画大象的母爱作铺垫的，所以A项为标题。] 【考题探究】只有准确理解全部细节，才能深刻而又全面地领悟主题思想。因为段落中的细节都是用来阐明主旨大意的，辅助论据支撑或阐述主题思想。因此，属于细节类的理解题，既可检测阅读者对主旨大意理解的深度，又可测定他们对每个细节准确领会的广度。在阅读考试中，查找主要事实或特定细节题型常见的设问形式一般是：细节理解题 1.Which of the following statements is (not) true (or correct)? 2.Which of the following is not mentioned in the text? 3.All of the following are true except________. 4.The author (or the passage) states that________. 5.According to the passage，when...? 总之，细节理解题的六大类型是： 1.直接信息题在原文中可直接找到答案。常用who，what，when，where，why和how等提问。 2.语意转换题有时需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换，两者形式不同，但意义不变。 3.逻辑排序题考生可以先找出最早和最后的一个事件发生的时间，并分别把它们作为事件发生的起点和终点，然后使用排除法将范围一一缩小。 4.数字计算题解答此类试题的方法是先理解题意和文意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等得出正确答案。 5.图形理解题在解答此类试题的时候，一定要把握图形中所暗含的信息，特别是有些事实是通过图片来描述的，考生可以按图索骥直至找出正确答案。