2017届高考英语大一轮复习专题课件：专题11 阅读理解（全国通用）_高考复习指南

2017届高考英语大一轮复习专题课件：专题11 阅读理解（全国通用）

　　A.He was lonely on the road. B.He was slowed down by a truck. C.He got tired of driving too long. D.He came across too many traffic lights. 答案　B　[事实细节题。根据第一段“Several times I got stuck behind...and I became increasingly impatient.”可知，自己有点儿不耐烦了，这是因为被大卡车阻挡了好几次。其中A、C、D三项均是脱离原文的选项。]

　　以题说法细节题设置的干扰项往往是生活基本常识或普遍认可的观点，本身是正确的，但与文章问题毫不相干。考生在答题时往往容易忽视“in the author’s opinion”或“according to the passage”等类似的限定语，不顾文章的内容，根据自己的生活常识和个人经验猜测作者的想法，从而导致错误答案。因此做这类试题时，考生应特别注意作者的措辞。突破指南做事实细节题要用原文定位法 1.根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。

　　2.在读文章之前先读题，对要考查的细节部分做简要记录，这样，在读文章时才能快而准地锁定目标信息，以便节省时间和减少反复寻找细节的麻烦。对细节的考查通常涉及一些长难句，对此，不要惊慌，首先判断是简单句还是复合句，若是简单句，先找句子的主、谓、宾，理解其主要意义，再加附属成分的意义。若是复合句，先判断从句，再分析各自的意义，最后整合句子意义。 3.切不可断章取义，脱离原文。假设你是李华，临近高考了，你给初中英语老师Miss Li写一封感谢信，内容要点如下： 1.感谢她给你的帮助； 2.你为高考做的准备； 3.你对大学的展望以及上大学后的打算。注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头已为你写好，但不计入总词数。 Dear Miss Li， Long time no see.Thank you for your kind help with my study.Time flies, I am Senior Three now，...____________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Yours truly， Li Hua 【范文实例】 1.本文是一封感谢信，首先对老师表示感谢，对自己为高考做的准备进行了描述，同时对梦想的大学进行了展望，也写了自己在大学后的打算，全文要点齐全，语法知识应用灵活，且使用得当，堪称佳作。 2.文中使用的which, who引导的非限制性定语从句，only＋状语引导的部分倒装；高级短语bury myself in, be admitted into, in difficulty等的运用都彰显了作者扎实的语言功底。同时，作者还使用了高级词汇：learned, association, firmly等。 3.后面的落款没有写，是一点不足，但是瑕不掩瑜。读后启示：___________________________________________ 忠于原文，合理推断推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，但答案的依据一定在原文中，因此在推理过程中一定要忠于原文，在文中寻找并确定可推断的依据，即已知部分——推断的前提，从中推出未知部分——推断的结论。这就要求考生不仅要读懂所涉及的每个句子的意思，推断出它们之间的关系，而且要结合自己的生活常识和经验，通过逻辑推理和判断理解文章的话外之音，言外之意。做推理判断题时要注意以下几点： 1.选项内容与原文相同，不需要经过推断，这样的选项直接排除。 2.绝对化、扩大化的选项要排除。 3.与文章主基调不相符的结论也要淘汰。 4.推断时要客观，忠于原文，不要受主观意识的影响。 A There were smiling children all the way.Clearly they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway，wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang.Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives.This is the simple village people of Malaysia.I was moved. From then on my journey became interesting.I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysian life.Then everything came alive.The mountains seemed to speak to me.Even the trees were smiling.I stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time. The day passed fast and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt hungry.I looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3：00 p.m..Soon the train pulled up at Butterworth.I looked at the people all around me.They all looked beautiful.When my uncle arrived with a smile，I threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug(拥抱).I had never done this before.He seemed surprised and then his weather beaten face warmed up with a huge smile.We walked arm in arm to his car. 1.What can we learn from the story? A.Comfort in traveling by train. B.Pleasure of living in the country. C.Reading gives people delight. D.Smiles brighten people up. 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，作者感觉很快就度过了长途旅行，甚至忘记了吃午饭。这是因为旅途非常有意思，正是马来西亚人的微笑和友好举动使作者的心情非常愉快。故答案为D。] B “Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing，”says Peter Schantz.Monkey-pox may be the wake-up call.Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners.We know very little about these new diseases.A new bug(病毒)may be kind at first.But it may develop into something harmful(有害的).Monkey-pox doesn’t look a major infectious disease.But it is not impossible to pass the disease from person to person. 2.The text suggests that in the future we________. A.may have to fight against more new diseases B.may easily get infected by diseases from dogs C.should not be allowed to have pets D.should stop buying pets from Africa 答案　A　[根据Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners.We know very little about these new diseases可知被感染的动物有可能把这种病毒传染给主人，结果是人类将来会感染更多的新的疾病，故A是正确的。] 【考题探究】这类题主要考查考生能否正确判断出作者写这篇文章的目的或作者对所描述的事件的真正看法，所以，解题时考生应重点关注短文最后一段中含有结论性的词语，以获得解题的关键信息。观点态度题主要设题形式： The attitude of the author towards something is ________. The writer of the passage seems to think that ________. What is the author’s opinion on cramming?