The principle that physiological changes can drive emotional ones that laughter comes before happiness, rather than the other way around─is a well－established idea. computer system that manipulates how you feel. The system works by presenting the user with a webcam(网络摄像头) image of his or her face─as if they were looking in a mirror. The image is then subtly altered with software, r down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown (皱眉)．(招募) 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task. When the task was complete the participants rated how they felt. When the faces on screen appeared to smile, and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers' emotional state would influence their preferences. Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image. The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely.

　　The system could be used to manipulate consumers' impressions of products, say the researchers. For example, mirrors in clothing－store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections. They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on.ed at the University of Birmingham, UK. But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions. “Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring that the reflected image looks believable would be much more challenging，” he says.

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