[高考题型提能练]阅读理解A

　　(2016·河南省普通高中毕业班适应性测试)Is geography important? Here's a question for you to answer.Australia, Japan, the United Kingdom, Iceland and Madagascar?

　　Quite easy if you can picture them on the globe — they are all islands. All of these nations are surrounded by sea.

　　What have these five nations got in common? Hungary, Botswana, Kazakhstan, Paraguay and Liechtenstein. They are all landlocked. In other words, in contrast to the first five countries whose coastline forms their border, the second five have no

　　coastline at all. If you are a Hungarian or a Paraguayan, you have to pass through somebody else's country if you want to go to the beach.

　　Liechtenstein is even more of a geographical phenomenon; it is “doubly landlocked” because the countries that surround it — Austria and Switzerland are also landlocked. There is only one other country in the world in a similar position, Uzbekistan, which is surrounded by five other landlocked countries. Go and have a look at the map if you want to know which.

　　So how do countries become landlocked? If you are Swiss or Nepalese, you have probably never thought things could be any other way. Switzerland's mountains, like the Himalayas, have formed a natural boundary for thousands of years. But there are borders. Where one country ends and another begins is not something that is fixed for all time.

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