B

　　(2016·太原第二学段测评)A group of psychologists led by Albert Bandura developed social learning theory, which emphasizes the fact that much learning occurs in a social context. This kind of learning, which results simply from observing and imitating the behaviors of others, is called observational learning. Observational learning helps people acquire proper behaviors in their families and cultures. By watching others, we learn how people talk to each other, what clothes are “fashionable”， and how to interact with people.

　　In one of Bandura's classic studies, children were divided into three groups: One group watched an adult beating up a Bobo doll, one group watched an adult ignoring the Bobo doll, and the third didn't see an adult at all. After being placed in a room with toys, but not being allowed to play with them, all the children were then placed in another room with a variety of toys, including a Bobo

　　doll. Children in the first group tended to imitate what they had seen, mistreating the doll and even inventing new ways to abuse it. They were also aggressive with the other toys in the room.

　　Researchers have discovered that several characteristics of models can make learning through observation more effective. Not surprisingly, the more you pay attention to the model, the more you learn. You are more likely to pay attention if the model is an expert, is good­looking, has high status, or is socially powerful.

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