Then, as teachers, how can you apply observational learning? Here are a few guidelines. Above all, model the behaviors and attitudes you desire your students to learn. For example, show enthusiasm for the subject you teach. Be willing to demonstrate both the mental and the physical tasks you expect the students to perform. Second, use peers, especially class leaders, as models. For example, in group work, pair students who do well with those who are having difficulties. Third, you may seek the help of class leaders in modeling behaviors. Examples include letting high­status students lead an activity when you need class cooperation or when students are likely to be reluctant (不情愿的) at first.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了著名的“波波玩偶实验”及Bandura所倡导的观察学习理念。这种理念可以运用在教师的实际教学中：以身示范，向学生展示你的行为和态度；重视榜样引领；强调自我调节等。

　　4．What can you acquire by watching others according to the passage?

　　A．A social context.

　　B．Appropriate actions.

　　C．Family cultures.

　　D．Knowledge from instructors.

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Observational learning helps ...”可知，通过观察别人，我们可以学会如何与人沟通、互动等行为。故B项正确。

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