In much of Asia, especially the so-called ＂rice bowl＂ cultures of China, Japan, Korea,

　　41

　　Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

　　Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might

　　42

　　(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal

　　43

　　(create) special designs.

　　The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots,

　　44

　　(use) twigs(树枝)to remove it. Over time,

　　45

　　the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.

　　Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which

　　46

　　(gradual) turned into chopsticks.

　　Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,

　　47

　　lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the

　　48

　　(develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and

　　49

　　(be) too violent for use at the table.

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