(2015·广东阅读B)Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade.
另外,在太阳直晒下的水经常比在阴凉处的水更温暖。 [归纳拓展] (1)apply (to sb.) for sth.(向某人)申请 apply to 适合 apply sth. to把……运用于…… apply to do sth. 申请去做某事 apply oneself to 致力于;集中精力于 (2)application n. 请求;申请;申请表;应用 applicant n. 申请人 (3)applied adj. 应用的;实用的 Please clean the wound with a clean cloth and then apply the medicine to it. 请用一块清洁的布清洗伤口,然后把药涂到上面。 [高考寻踪] (2015·重庆阅读E)Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. 现在研究者们正在把科学的方法应用到艺术普遍性的研究上。 [归纳拓展] (1)require sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事 require that sb. (should) do sth. 要求某人做某事 require doing/to be done 需要被做 (2)requirement n.要求,需要 meet/satisfy one's requirement 满足某人的需要 The teacher required that all the students (should) hand in their homework before 5 pm. 老师要求全体同学于下午5点前上交作业。 提示:(1)require后接that从句时,从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。 (2)require作“需要”讲时,后跟v.ing主动形式表示被动含义。类似的词还有need,want,demand,desire,deserve,be worth等。 [高考寻踪] (2015·江苏阅读C)People also volunteer because they are required to do so. 因为要求人们去做志愿活动,他们也愿意去做。 [归纳拓展] (1)in (great) demand 需要(量很大) meet/satisfy the demand 满足需要;符合要求 on demand 一经要求 (2)demand sth. of/from sb.向某人要求某事物 demand to do sth.要求去做某事 demand that sb./sth. (should) do sth. 要求某人/某事物…… 提示:“要求某人做某事”不能用demand sb.to do sth.表达,但可以用demand of sb.to do sth. ①First, science graduates are in greater demand than art ones in China. 首先,在中国,对理科毕业生的需求比对文科生的更大。 ②The manager promised that they would try to meet their customers' demands. 经理许诺他们会尽力满足顾客的要求。 [高考寻踪] (2015·北京阅读B)Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. 获得这种已经证明能够去帮助那些最苛刻的顾客的科技。 [归纳拓展] (1)suffer damage/loss 遭受损坏/损失 suffer from 因……而遭受痛苦;患……病 (2)suffering n.受苦;苦难 ①They suffered huge losses in the financial crisis. 他们在金融危机时遭受了巨大的损失。 ②To some life means pleasure,to others suffering. 对一些人来说,人生的意义是享乐,对另外一些人来说则是受苦。 [辨析→ 明晰异同] suffer 指遭受一般的损害、痛苦等,其宾语一般是loss,pain,insult,punishment,defeat,disappointment,discouragement,wrong等。 suffer from 指遭受长期的或习惯性的痛苦或困难。其宾语一般是表示疾病的名词(或者劳累/记忆力减退等),表示“患……病;受……苦痛”;也可接表示自然灾害的词语。 [高考寻踪] (2015·江苏阅读C)One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. 作为志愿者,影响他们满意的最重要的因素之一就是他们在志愿者这个位置上所经历的痛苦。 [归纳拓展] (1)particular n.细节,事项 adj. 特别的,挑剔的 be particular about 对……挑剔 (2)particularly adv.尤其,特别 ①She's a very particular person so she is particular about what she eats and wears. 她这个人很挑剔,所以,她对她的吃穿很挑剔。 ②Be particularly careful when driving at night. 晚上开车要特别小心。 [归纳拓展] take in 接纳;吸收;欺骗 take off 脱掉;(飞机)起飞;成名 take out 拿出 take on 呈现;雇用;承担 take over 接管 take down 拆毁;记下 take away 带走;夺去 [归纳拓展] take it for granted that... 以为……是理所当然的 take sb.for granted 视某人(的存在或帮助)为理所当然 take sth. for granted 被某事为理所当然 ①Some people often take rumors for granted. 有些人常常对谣言信以为真。 ②His sister comes to see him every week and he takes that for granted. 他姐姐每周都来看他,他认为那是理所当然的事。 提示:take...for granted接that从句作宾语时,常用it作形式宾语,即take it for granted that...。 ③The boy answered me quickly ________ ________ ________ my inquiry. 那个男孩对我的询问很快作了答复。 答案:①made no response to ②responded to ③in response to [归纳拓展] (1)make no/some response to 没有/有些反应 (2)respond v. 反应;回答 respond to 对……回答;对……做出反应;对……负责任 respond that... 回应……;回答说…… ①I have sent several emails to her, but she never responded to my emails. 我给她发了好几封邮件,但她从来没给我回过信。 ②When asked about the company's future, the manager responded that he remained optimistic. 当被问到公司未来的时候,经理回答说他依然很乐观。 提示:(1)in response to与respond to中的to都为介词,后接名词或v.ing形式。 (2)respond后接从句时,to要省略。有类似用法的还有:agree to, reply to等。 ②We ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ your telegram arrived. 我们正准备给你打电话,这时你的电报来了。 ③I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ after a very hard day ________ the phone rang. 在劳累了一天之后,我刚上床睡觉,这时电话响了。 答案:①was watching TV when ②were about to telephone you when ③had just gone to bed;when [归纳拓展] 课文中为be doing...when...“正在……这时(突然)……”结构,其中when为并列连词,意为“就在那时”,相当于and at that time。 [归纳拓展] be about to do sth...when... 正要做……这时…… be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……这时…… had (just) done...when... 刚做完……这时…… 基础知识巩固 5.Having ________ (suffer) such a heavy loss, the businessman didn't have the courage to live on. 6.This is a project that ________ (require) a great deal of time and money. 7.As a ________ (demand) boss, he expected total loyalty and devotion from his employees. 8.When she retired she did a lot of ________ (volunteer) work for the Red Cross. 答案:1.satisfied 2.stressful 3.applying 4.frozen 5.suffered 6.requires 7.demanding 8.voluntary 路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索 走向高考 · 英语 外研版 · 高考总复习 Module 2 A Job Worth Doing 必修五 第一部分 基础知识聚焦 考点探究演练 2 基础知识巩固 3 基础知识晨记 1 基础知识晨记 Ⅰ.单词速记 核心必记 1.________(vi.)(主动)提出(愿意做某事) 2.________(n.)信号 3.________(vt.)遵守 4.________(adj.)感激的;感谢的 5.________(adj.)可获得的 6.________(adj.)令人满意的→________(adj.)感到满意的→________(vt.)使满意;使满足→__________ (n.)满意;满足 offer signal respect grateful available satisfying
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