在限制性定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词that, which, whom, who等常可以省略。如:
He is the man (who / whom / that) you can depend on.
引导宾语从句的连词that常被省略。如:
We all know (that) light travels much faster than sound.
为避免重复,不定式常省去前面出现的相同部分,而只保留不定式符号to。但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有be, have时,这些词要保留。如:
I saw him playing with a gun, and I told him not to.
My brother has lost a lot of weight — he is three kilos lighter than he used to be.
—Hasn’t he finished writing the report?
—No, but he ought to have.
单独使用不定式符号to代替不定式后被省略的动词,常用在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等后面。如:
I asked him to see the film, but he didn’t want to.
如果从句的谓语动词与主句的谓语动词一样,从句中的谓语动词可以用do, did, does等代替。
4. 习惯上的省略
由固定短语引导的疑问句。如:
What about having a game of chess?
What if it’s raining?
习惯性的交际用语。如:
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