But what if you are the person in need of assistance? How can you inspire people to lend a hand? One often­recommended tactic is to single out one person from the crowd.Make eye contact and ask that individual specifically for help.By personalizing and individualizing your request，it becomes much harder for people to turn you down.

　　Title The Bystander Effect

　　Passage outline

　　Supporting details

　　Concept of the bystander effect •The bystander effect occurs when the presence of others keeps an individual from becoming 18.involved/engaged in an emergency situation.

　　•It is obvious that the bystander effect can greatly influence 19.social behavior.

　　Typical example In 1964，a young woman named Genovese met with violence and her life was 20.endangered/threatened outside her apartment，while bystanders who observed the crime did not step in to assist or call the police.

　　21.Explanations/Reasons for the bystander effect •Individuals are less likely to take action or feel a sense of 22.responsibility in front of a large group of people.

　　•Before deciding to offer help，observers may want to make 23.sure/certain that it is appropriate to react.Besides，there is a natural 24.tendency for people to follow the crowd before the situation is clear.

　　25.Prevention/Preca­utions/Avoidance of

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