Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years. Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind­sets that have a great effect on how we react to it. Here's how they work：

　　A fixed mind­set is grounded in the belief that talent (才能) is genetic—you're a born artist, point guard, or numbers person. The fixed mind­set believes it's sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame. When things get difficult, it's quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.

　　On the other hand, a growth mind­set believes that no talent is entirely heaven­sent and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego(自尊) isn't on the line as much, the growth mind­set sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, it's quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience.

　　We are all born with growth mind­sets. (Otherwise, we wouldn't be able to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind­sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise. Dweck's book, Mind­set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.

　　57．What does the author think about the present generation?

【2016届广东省天河区高考英语二轮语法复习精讲精练：阅读理解18】相关文章：

★ 2017届高考英语二轮复习大题冲关秘籍完形填空之夹叙夹议文：考纲分析（含解析）

★ （全国通用）2014届高考英语一轮单元复习 限时强化训练九

★ 2016届广东省天河区高考英语二轮语法复习精讲精练：阅读理解12

★ 2017届高考英语二轮复习大题冲关秘籍完形填空之夹叙夹议文：应试策略（含解析）

★ 2016届广东省天河区高考英语二轮语法复习精讲精练：阅读理解10

★ 2014届高考英语一轮复习选修7参考答案（外研版）

★ （全国通用）2014届高考英语一轮单元复习 限时强化训练五

★ 2017届高考英语二轮复习书面表达限时测验：5（含解析）

★ 2017届高考英语二轮复习课时训练：6（含解析）

★ 2017届高考英语二轮复习大题冲关秘籍语法填空：名校模拟（含解析）