[典题示例] I have done much of the work. Could you please finish ______ in two days? 剖析:the rest the rest在本题中指代不可数名词,相当于the rest of the work。 考点二 替代词it, that, (the) one(s), those的用法 1.it和that都替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”,表示特指,但it指前面的“同一”事物,而that指前面提到的“同类”事物。 2.one替代“a+单数可数名词”,表示泛指。特指的the one相当于that;the ones是复数形式,相当于those;当后面有of短语时,一般用that或those,当有前置修饰语时,只能用one(s),如the red one。one(s), the one(s), those, that都是替代“同类”事物,其中只有that可替代不可数名词。 There is only one watch of the type in the shop, so I want to buy it for her. 商店里这种手表只有一块,我想为她买下。(it为特指,指代“唯一的那块手表”) I have no dictionary, so I want to buy one. 我没有字典,所以想买一本。 No dictionary is as useful as the one/that I bought last year. 我去年买的那本词典最有用。 The children from the United States are different from the ones/those from China. 从美国来的孩子同从中国来的孩子不一样。 The boy told me his story and that of the girl next door. 这位男孩跟我讲了他以及隔壁女孩的故事。 The climate of Japan is not so mild as that of Taiwan. 日本气候不如台湾的温和。 3.it的用法 (1)指代时间、距离、自然现象等。 It is half past two. 现在是230。 It was very cold in the room. 房间里很冷。 (2)指代前面所提到的事物、群体、性别不明或不重要的人或物。 —Who is knocking? ——谁在敲门? —It's me. ——是我。 (3)作形式主语或宾语,指代从句、动名词或不定式。 It is not easy to learn English well. 学好英语不容易。(代替不定式) I think it necessary that we have the meeting. 我认为我们开会是有必要的。(代替从句) (4)用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词或介词后,尤其是表示好恶的动词。 I hate it when someone speaks with his mouth full. 我不喜欢有人说话时满嘴食物。
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