must 肯定句 一般式、进行式、完成式 一定、肯定 ①You must be hungry after the long walk. ②He must be sleeping in the dormitory. can(could) 疑问句,否定句 一般式、进行式、完成式 可能,能够 ①She can't be reading in the reading room now. ②Can/Could this be an excuse for that? 情态动词 适用句式 适用时态 意义 典句例示 may/ (might) 肯定句,否定句 一般式、进行式、完成式 也许,可能 ①He may not be happy. ②He may be playing basketball on the playground. should (ought to) 肯定句 一般式 确定或期待 “应该” ①He should be around sixty years old.(确定) ②It's nearly seven o'clock.Jack should he here at the moment.(期待) will (would) 肯定句、否定句、
疑问句 一般式、进行式、完成式 大概 ①He will have forgotten me. I left him 18 years ago. ②It would be about ten when he left home. 四、“情态动词+have done”用法 类型 构成 用法 句式 典句例示 对过去的推测 must have done 表示对过去已经发生的行为进行推测,意为“想必/准是/一定做了某事” 肯定 You must have gone to bed late last night. Your eyes are red. can/could have done 表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和不肯定 否定、疑问 He cannot have forgotten it. may/might have done 表示对过去已发生的行为的推测,意为“也许/或许/已经(没有)……” 肯定、否定 It's too late. I think he may have gone to bed. 类型 构成 用法 句式 典句例示 表示后悔、责备或遗憾 could have done 表示过去没有实现的可能性,意为“未来可以……” 肯定 The accident could have been avoided. should/ ought to have done 表示本该做某事而实际上未做 肯定、否定 You are late. You ought to have arrived five minutes earlier. 类型 构成 用法 句式 典句例示 表示后悔、责备或遗憾 needn'd have done 表示做了本来不必做的事 否定 I actually needn't have bought so much wineonly three people came. had better have done 用于事后的建议,含轻微责备的口吻,意为“当时最好做了某事” 肯定、否定 You had better have started earlier. would rather have done 表示“当时宁愿做了某事” 肯定、否定 I would rather have taken his advice. 考 点 警 示 1.情态动词不能单独作谓语,必须与其它动词一起作谓语。 另外,(1)后面接动词原形。(2)没有人称和数的变化。(3)变为疑问句或否定句时不需要加助动词,而是将情态动词移至主语前变为疑问句,在情态动词后加not,构成否定句。 2.掌握一些有关情态动词的常用句型,如: cannot...too“无论……也不过分”。 You cannot be too careful while driving. 开车时你越小心越好。 cannot wait to do“迫不及待地做” He couldn't wait to see the film. 他非常渴望看这部电影。 cannot(help) but do“不得不做,只好做” She couldn't but agree to my idea. 她只好同意我的想法。 cannot help it“没有办法” cannot help doing sth.“情不自禁地做某事” may well“有充分的理由可以” You may well be proud of him. 你有足够的理由为他骄傲。 may/might as well“最好;不妨”。 3.个别情态动词的特殊用法。 (1)must可以转化为名词,意思是“必需的东西”,如: Comfortable shoes are a must when going hiking. (2)行为动词need,dare有人称和数的变化,后接名词、代词、动词不定式,动词ing形式及复合宾语。如: The question needs to be discussed =The question needs discussing. 走向高考 · 高考总复习 · 人教版 · 英语
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