Five simple things that are actually complex

　　The proof for “1+1=2”is 300 pages long

　　1.　 In the early 20th century,Bertrand Russell wanted to prove that mathematics worked,so he decided to start with the simplest concept and prove 1+1=2.However,it took the mathematician and philosopher 372 pages of complex sums. 

　　Defining the word “the” is really difficult

　　The word “the”is one of the most common words in English.2. For example,why do we say,“I have the flu,”but not“I have the headache?”In the Oxford English Dictionary,there are almost two dozen different ways the word can be used in a sentence correctly:

　　Yawning

　　Some people say we yawn to keep us alert(警觉的) by taking in oxygen.However,various experiments have shown that yawning actually cools down the brain.3.　 As for why yawning is contagious(感染性的),no one knows that either. 

　　Left and right have been confusing philosophers for years

　　Would you explain the concept of left and right in terms of your relative position to a well-known landmark(地标性建筑)?4.　 It’s a question that has been puzzling philosophers for years because,without a point of reference,it’s difficult to define what left and right actually are. 

　　5. 

　　You’d think that the reason we enjoy things is because it feels good in some way,but it’s only half the story.There’s a famous experiment where wine experts were fooled into thinking a cheap bottle of wine was an outstanding one just by switching the labels.Their enjoyment of the product wasn’t based on appreciation of wine—it was based on the fact that they were told it was good wine.

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