people from the towns met regularly.(2015·广东) 解析 根据句子结构可以判断,在这里应填关系词来引导一个定语从句,修饰表地点的先行词the market,故填where。 where 解析答案 2.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit
is driving your family crazy.(2017·新课标全国Ⅰ) 解析 考查定语从句的引导词。定语从句的先行词为前面的habit,而该定语从句缺少主语,因此要用that或which引导。 3.People should not do things
will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily.(2017·湖南) 解析 本句中含有定语从句,先行词是things,关系词在定语从句中作主语,可以使用which或that引导定语从句。 that/which which/that
解析答案 4.Nick’s guests,
had heard their conversation,asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.(2017·广东) 解析 该空需填一个定语从句的引导词,先行词为Nick’s guests,指人,故引导词用who。 5.Of course whenever they turned to look at him,they had to look at Mary,
made her feel like a star.(2017·广东) 解析 由逗号可知此处是一个非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个句子所表述的内容,故用which引导。 who which
解析答案 6.Behind him were other people to
he was trying to talk,but after some minutes they walked away and sat near me,looking annoyed. (2011·广东) 解析 此处是一个定语从句,缺少关系代词,因为先行词为other people,指的是人,而且与介词to连用,所以填whom。 whom 解析答案 应对策略1 一旦判断是定语从句,就根据定语从句的先行词和代表先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分,来确定关系词。若在从句中作主语和宾语,就用关系代词;若作状语,就用关系副词。 ◆定语从句与短文改错 短文改错中对于定语从句的考查主要涉及限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句中关系代词或关系副词的错用。 典题试做2 单句改错(每小题1处错误) 1.Having tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner,that might not be served until 8 o’clock at night.(2017·新课标全国Ⅱ) 答案 that→which 2.Third,we should find ways to reuse the water used in washing,especially bath water for which is quite a lot,and that will save much water.(2017·大纲全国Ⅱ) 解析 此处考查which引导的定语从句,which在从句中作主语,从句是主系表结构,句子成分齐全,for在此处多余,故去掉。 答案 去掉for 解析答案 3.There,Katia will introduce me to some of her friends,one of who has been to China several times.I just can’t wait.(2011·重庆) 解析 非限制性定语从句中“介词of+whom”,不能用who。 答案 who→whom 4.It turned out to be her own cup,that she’d left on the shelf by mistake.(2010·陕西) 解析 逗号后为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 her own cup,故应用which引导,不能用that。 答案 that→which 解析答案 5.One day I saw a second-hand bicycle,that was only one hundred yuan.(2009·辽宁) 解析 逗号后为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a second-hand bicycle,故应用which引导。 答案 that→which 解析答案 应对策略2 确定定语从句中关系词的步骤: 1.找出先行词; 2.看先行词被代入从句后在句子中的成分(作主语、宾语还是状语); 3.选择合适的关系词。 ◆书面表达中定语从句易错点聚焦 (一)定语从句意识缺失 1.关系代词被普通代词取代 (误)I have many collections of stamps,some of them are my favorite. (正)I have many collections of stamps,some of which are my favorite. 2.关系代词遗漏 (误)The last one leaves the classroom please close the windows. (正)The last one who leaves the classroom please close the windows. 第一句从汉语意思角度是对的,但是汉语的干扰破坏了英语句式结构。 (二)假冒伪劣的定语从句 1.有从无主式 (误)My friend Jane,who is very friendly to us classmates. (正)My friend Jane is very friendly to us classmates. (正)My friend Jane,who is very friendly to us classmates,has a variety of hobbies. 第一句虎头蛇尾,属于有从无主式的句子,即有从句但没有主句。 * * * * * * * * * * * * *
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