water was sweet.(2010·广东) 解析 此处特指前一句中提到的泉水a spring of clear water,故用定冠词the。 The 解析答案 应对策略1 在名词或“形容词+名词”前缺少限定词时,要考虑冠词。不定冠词a/an表示泛指,可译作“一个/本/座/……”等;定冠词the表示特指,相当于“这,这些,那,那些”。另外要注意:特指上文出现的或谈话双方心目中都知道的人或事物用the;在序数词前、最高级前、独一无二的事物名词之前,用the。 ◆冠词与短文改错 短文改错中对于冠词的考查常涉及漏掉冠词、冠词错用与冠词多余这三种情况。 典题试做2 单句改错(每小题1处错误) 1.Now I am living in a city,but I miss my home in countryside.(2015·全国Ⅰ) 解析 城市生活与乡村生活对比,此处特指乡村,所以用in the countryside。 答案 countryside前加the 解析答案 2.A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.(2015·全国Ⅱ) 解析 句意为:一位妇女看见他在哭然后告诉他让他在商店外边等着。这里说的“商店”是说话者与听话者双方都明白的那一个,即特指。故a应改为the。 答案 a→the 3.I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.(2015·浙江) 解析 考查固定表达。in a hurry匆匆忙忙。 答案 hurry前加a 解析答案 4.My soccer coach retired last week.I wanted to do something special for him at his retirement party...At a party,my coach,with a biscuit in his mouth,asked surprisingly who made them and joked,“I might have to retire again next year just to get some more of these biscuits.”(2015·陕西) 解析 由语境可知party再次出现,指的是前文他们一起参加的那个晚会,属于特指,故应用定冠词the。 答案 party前的a→the 解析答案 5.As result,the plants are growing everywhere.(2017·新课标全国Ⅰ) 解析 as a result结果,为固定搭配。故as后应加a。 答案 as后加a 6.Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.(2017·辽宁) 解析 an average of...平均有……,为固定搭配。 答案 average前的a→an 7.Today,I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm goes off.If you hear the alarm,...Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire.(2017·四川) 解析 特指上句提到的a fire,故应用定冠词the。 答案 put out后的a→the 解析答案 8.That day I didn’t learn much about animals,insects or trees,but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!(2017·陕西) 解析 “学了印象深刻的一课”,故用不定冠词表“泛指”;impressive以元音音素开头,故a应改为an。 答案 a→an 9.This custom soon became another meal of day.(2017·新课标全国Ⅱ) 解析 由句意可知此处指的是特定一天中的另一餐,因此day前应加定冠词the。 答案 day前加the 解析答案 10.Now,we’re planning a small party for the next Sunday.There,Katia will introduce me to some of her friends,one of whom has been to China several times.(2011·重庆) 解析 根据现在进行时表将来可知,时间状语应为next Sunday。故去掉the。 答案 去掉the 解析答案 应对策略2 判定冠词的方法: (1)根据泛指和特指。若泛指“一个”,再根据单词的第一个音素来判定用a还是an;若特指,用the。 (2)根据固定搭配。注意固定搭配中不能多用或少用冠词。 ◆书面表达中冠词易错点聚焦 由于受到汉语的干扰,疏漏冠词是我们中国学生在写作中的常见错误类型之一。存在的误区有以下几种: 1.对抽象名词具体化的应用判断失误。 (误)The Christmas evening party was success. (正)The Christmas evening party was a success. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
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