“As a modern comparison, when the small volcano Pinatubo erupted in 1991, the resulting release of sulfur dioxide decreased the average global temperatures by a few tenths of a degree for a few years following the eruption. If relatively small eruptions like Pinatubo can affect the climate, just imagine what a volcanic province with an area equal to the size of the state of Western Australia can do.”

　　A comparison of the Kalkarindji and other volcanic provinces showed that the most likely process for all the mass extinctions was a rapid change of the climate caused by volcanic eruptions that sent out sulfur dioxide along with the greenhouse gases.

　　“We calculated a near­perfect chronological (按时间) connection between large volcanic province eruptions, climate changes and mass extinctions over the history of life during the last 550 million years, with only one chance over 20 billion that this connection is just a coincidence，” Jourdan said.

　　Jourdan said the rapid change of the climate produced by volcanic eruptions made it difficult for various species to adapt, finally resulting in their death.

　　41．According to Jourdan, it is recorded that the first mass extinction had a connection with ________.

　　A．climate changes and reduction of oxygen in the oceans

　　B．reduction of greenhouse gases and sulfur dioxide

　　C．a rise in the level of radioactive matters

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