They then compared these genetic maps with others taken from birds and primates that can?t learn new vocalisations, and with maps taken from the brains of six people who donated tissue to the Allen Brain Institute in Seattle.

　　Their results showed that FOXP2 is just one of 55 genes that show a similar pattern of activity in the brains of humans and the vocal­learning birds. Those same genes show different patterns of activity in the brains of animals incapable of vocal learning.

　　“The similarities are beyond one or a handful of genes，” says Pfenning. “There are just systematic molecular similarities between song­learning birds and humans.”

　　“There’s potential for songbirds to be used to study neurodegeneration (神经元退变) — especially conditions like Huntingtons，” says Pfenning. Huntingtons disease affects the ability to produce complex motor behaviour, such as singing and talking, so experiments with birds might implicate particular genes in the disease.

　　Constance Scharff at the Free University of Berlin in Germany, who helped identify the importance of FOXP2 for vocal learning in birds agrees that songbirds can make great models for human speech and its pathologies (病理学). “My lab’s research during the past 10 years has shown that FOXP2 is as relevant for birds’ song learning as it is for human speech learning，” she says.

　　41．Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?

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