So what can you do to avoid falling into this trap of inaction? Some psychologists suggest that simply being aware of this tendency is perhaps the greatest way to break the cycle. When faced with a situation that requires action, understanding how the bystander effect might be holding you back and consciously taking steps to overcome it can help. However, this does not mean you should place yourself in danger.

　　But what if you are the person in need of assistance? How can you inspire people to lend a hand? One often­recommended tactic is to single out one person from the crowd. Make eye contact and ask that individual specifically for help. By personalizing and individualizing your request, it becomes much harder for people to turn you down.

　　The Bystander Effect

　　Passage outline Supporting details

　　Concept of the

　　bystander effect ●The bystander effect occurs when the presence of others keeps an individual from becoming (1)________ in an emergency situation.

　　●It is obvious that the bystander effect can greatly influence (2)________ behavior.

　　Typical

　　example In 1964, a young woman named Genovese met with violence and her life was (3)________ outside her apartment, while bystanders who observed the crime did not step in to assist or call the police.

　　(4)______ for the bystander effect ●Individuals are less likely to take action or feel a sense of (5)________ in front of a large group of people.

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