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　　“Reduce，reuse and recycle”，this popular environmental slogan tells us how to reduce the amount of rubbish that ends up in landfills.

　　The slogan is being used to deal with one possibly dangerous form of electronic junk，such as old computers，cellphones，and televisions. But this process of managing e­waste may be used in an unscrupulous way more often than not，a recent report suggests.

　　“Many of these materials are being sent to developing nations under the excuse for reuse—to bridge the digital divide，”said Richard Gutierrez，a policy researcher.

　　One of the problems is that no one proves whether these old machines work before they hit the seaways. Because of this，the report says，e­waste is a growing problem in Lagos，Nigeria，and elsewhere in the developing world. Much of the waste ends up being thrown away along rivers and roads. Often it's taken apart by poor people，who may face dangerous exposure to poisonous chemicals in the equipment.

　　Tradesmen also pay workers a little money to get materials back such as gold and copper. This low­tech recovery process could expose workers and the local environment to many dangerous materials used to build electronics. According to Gutierrez，this shadow economy exists because the excuse for recycling and reusing electronics gives businessmen “a green passport” to ship waste around the globe. “Developing nations must take on some of the responsibility themselves，”Gutierrez said. But he added，“A greater part of this responsibility should fall on the exporting state.”

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