2.非谓语动词作定语
(1)现在分词
现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,表示该动作的主动和进行。
Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home,there was a pile of mails waiting for her.
(2)动词不定式
不定式作定语表未做的事情。
His first book to be published next month is based on a true story.
不定式作定语的特殊用法:
①下列词语后常接不定式作定语:chance,wish,right,courage,need,promise,time,opportunity,way,the first,the second,the last,the only等。
②不定式作定语和所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系。
There is no one to look after her.
③不定式与被修饰的名词在逻辑上有动宾关系。
She is now looking for a room to live in.
(3)过去分词
过去分词(短语)作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有被动关系,表示该动作的被动或完成。
You cannot accept an opinion offered to you unless it is based on facts.
His first book published last month is based on a true story.
注意:表示心理状态的动词ing形式,意为“令人……的”;动词ed形式,意为“(人)感到……的”,也可修饰体现内心感受的look,expression,tears,smile,voice等名词。
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