Murray Strauss from the University of New Hampshire worked with Mallie Paschall from the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation. Professor Strauss has written extensively about physical punishment of children. He says the more they are spanked, the slower their mental development. He also looked at average IQs in other nations and found them lower where spanking was more common.
12.Which could be the best title of the passage?
A.Punishment
B.The Best Way to Influence Behavior
C.Punishment or Reward: Which Works Better on Behavior?
D.Two Recent Studies
解析:选C 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章通过两项研究来证明:表扬和惩罚这两种方式哪种在规范人的行为方面更有效。C项概括了文章内容,适合做标题。故答案选C。
13.The underlined word “spanked” probably means “______”.
A.won B.punished
C.tested
D.praised
解析:选B 词义猜测题。根据第六段第二句可知,两组都有父母实行体罚和不实行体罚的孩子。画线词所在句意为“这个研究表明,在年龄较小的孩子中,没有受到体罚的孩子的智商比受到体罚的孩子高五分”。因此画线词的意思与“体罚”意思相近。故答案选B。
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