The window is well above the tree.
(7)表示方式、手段、工具的介词
①by the year/hour/day按年/小时/天。如:He rent a house by the year(day,hour).(按by+the+单位名称,但to the pound按磅算,to the ton按吨计)。
②表泛指的方式、手段
by post/mail邮寄,by telephone(radio)(但on the phone/on the radio/on TV),by electricity用电,by machinery用电器,by hard work,learn sth.by heart,through the satellite,through practice,through his own efforts,through experience,through the telescope
交通工具类
by bus/train/car/taxi
by bike/bicycle,on horseback/foot
by plane/jet/spaceship/air
by ship/boat/lifeboat/sea/water
另外:by means of 用……方法,by way of 经由,取道于;用……方法,with the help(permission) of sb./with sb.’s help(permission)。
③表方式、手段的其他用法
He beat the dog with a stick.(with+工具/机器)
One smells with his nose.(with+人体器官,但by hand手工,用手)
He stood up with pride.(with+情绪、情感、态度的名词)
注意:使用语言、材料、文字等用in。如:in English(ink,pencil)。另外如:in high(good,low)spirits,in anger,in joy,in comfort,in sorrow,in safety,in danger,in need,in debt,in love,in fun,in pain,in tears,in surprise,in good(poor) health,in good order,in flower,in a way,in a low voice,in silence,in(with) satisfaction,in a hurry,in(with) words,live/feed on food,kneel on one’s knee,take(catch) sb.by surprise(出其不意)
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