(=Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. ) Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. (让步状语从句)
(=No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished. ) 3. it构成的主语从句 (1)由连词that引导的主语从句,在大多数情况下会放到句子的后面,而用代词it作形式主语。如: It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun. 众所周知,地球围绕太阳转。
【拓展延伸】 需要注意的是,it作形式主语代替主语从句时,要注意和as引导的定语从句的区别。试比较: It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack. (主语从句,有that,无逗号) As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack. (定语从句,无that,有逗号) 上两句意为“据报道,美国遭到恐怖分子的袭击” (2)常见用it作形式主语的复合句结构 It is a fact (a good idea / a pity / a shame / no wonder / good news…)that…如: It”s a pity that you missed the film. 你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了 It is necessary (clear / true / strange/ important /wonderful / possible / likely…)that… 需要注意的是,这类主语从句中,谓语动词很多为“(should)+动词原形”,即要用虚拟语气如: It is necessary that you (should)master the computer. 你很有必要掌握电脑 It is important that a student learn English well. 学生学好英语很重要 It’s clear that they badly need help. 很明显,他们急需援助 It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon. 飓风很可能马上就要到达了。 It is reported (well-known / hoped / thought / expected /said /believed/decided /suggested /ordered…)that…如: It is said that he was killed in the earthquake. 据说他在地震中丧生了 It seems (happened / appears / doesn”t matter / makes no difference / …)that …如: It seems that they will win the game. 看起来他们好像会赢得这场比赛 It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.
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