In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible (柔韧的) materials, such as steel and wood, which bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact (影响) of ground vibrations (颤动). The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake’s vibrations. When the ground shakes and the buildings tip forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction.
The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.
1. One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low is that ______.
A. new computers had been installed in the buildings
B. occurred in the residential areas (居民区) rather than on the highways
C. large numbers of Los Angeles residents had rushed into Los Angeles for holiday
D. improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highways
答案解析:答案为D。本题为细节推理题。第三段提到了洛杉矶地震中死亡人数相对较少有两个原因,一个是 “because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city’s highways.” 地震在假期发生,因此城市交通清闲;另外一个是 “changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city’s buildings and highways…” 建筑物和公路的构造发生了改变,故答案为D。干扰项最强的C选项不是直接的原因,不可选。
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