Other researchers praise the new work as rigorous(严密的)and well-controlled. But they say it’s far from clear that social isolation, not loneliness, is always the real cause of increased death rate.

　　Other studies, including an analysis of older Americans led by John Cacioppo, a psychology professor at the University of Chicago in Illinois, have shown a link between loneliness and a higher death rate. Cacioppo suspects that the disagreement between his study and the new research could lie with cultural differences between Steptoe’s British subjects and Americans, and that Britons and Americans may define friends differently, too.

　　Health psychologist Bert Uchino of the University of Utah praises the new study, but he says that researchers are still far from understanding how those two factors affect one another and other health-related behaviors.

　　Dangers of Isolation

　　Passage outline Supporting details

　　The finding of a new study and its impact ·Social isolation may(1)older people’s risk of death.

　　·More(2)is caused over older people’s higher death rate.

　　The differences between social isolation and

　　loneliness ·Social isolation means that people hardly(3)with others or stay alone.

　　·Loneliness means that people are not satisfied with their social connections or(4)　lonely.

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