2017届湖北省高三英语一轮复习学案：Unit 5《Meeting your ancestors》（人教版选修8）_高考复习指南

2017届湖北省高三英语一轮复习学案：Unit 5《Meeting your ancestors》（人教版选修8）

　　选修八Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors

　　晨背三部曲（话题：世界与环境）

　　满分佳作　

　　(2017·福建高考)假定你是某中学生英语报的小记者，以下漫画内容是你的所见所闻，请根据要求写一篇英语短文投稿。

　　内容要求：

　　1．描述漫画内容；

　　2．发表个人感想。

　　参考词汇：告示牌sign

　　Mind Your Behavior in Public Places

　　Last Sunday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park. The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, ①with the sun shining and birds singing. When I was enjoying the fantastic scenery around, something unpleasant caught my eye. A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world. What's worse, they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake, totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby. What a shame!

　　Such behavior left me deep in thought. If all visitors to the Fairy Lake Park do as the couple did, the lake will be severely polluted and soon turned into a huge dustbin. I think all of us should mind our behavior in public places. ②Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.

　　热身体验

　　句式仿写

　　1．The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, with the sun shining and birds singing.

　　→They drove to the palace, with_the_crowds_cheering (在人群的欢呼声中)．

　　2．Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.

　　→Only in this way can_you_learn_English_well (你才能学好英语)．

　　Ⅰ.词海拾贝

　　基础记忆

　　1．alternative n．　可能的选择adj.

　　供选择的；其他的

　　2．interrupt vt.& vi.

　　打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止

　　3．assume vt.

　　假定；设想

　　4．category n.

　　种类；类别；范畴

　　5．somehow adv.

　　以……方式；不知怎么地

　　6．delete vt.

　　删；删除

　　7．accelerate vi.& vt.

　　加速；促进

　　8．arrest vt.

　　逮捕；吸引n.

　　逮捕；拘留

　　9．starvation n．挨饿；饿死→starve vi.挨饿；饿死

　　10．accuracy n．精确；准确→accurate adj.准确的；精确的

　　11．sharpen vi.& vt.(使)锋利，尖锐；清晰→sharp adj.锋利的，尖锐的→sharpener n．磨具，削具

　　12．messy adj.凌乱的；脏的→mess n．凌乱；脏

　　13．analysis n．分析→analyses (pl.)→analyse vt.分析

　　14．significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义→significant adj.重要的

　　15．division n．分割；划分；分配；分界线→divide v．分割，划分，分配

　　16．applaud vi.& vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏→applause n．鼓掌

　　17．skilful adj.有技巧的；熟练的→skill n．技能，技巧

　　语境记忆

　　18．The launch of China's first space lab module Tiangong1 is of great significance.In other words, it is significant.(significant)

　　19．The old man was starved to death.People felt pity for his starvation.(starve)

　　篇章记忆

　　Not interrupted by others' opinion, the archaeologist tentatively assumed that the newlyfound hammer and spear are significant dating back to 2000 BC, and there were at most 2 pairs of them.

　　Ⅱ.短语互译

　　1.不管；不顾regardless_of

　　2．至多；最多

　　at_most

　　3．切碎

　　cut_up

　　4．受够了；饱受；厌烦

　　fed_up_with

　　5．向前看；为将来打算

　　look_ahead

　　6．date back (to ...)

　　追溯到；始于

　　7．arrest sb. for

　　因……而逮捕某人

　　8．with relief

　　欣慰地

　　9．keep out

　　关在门外；不准入内

　　10．turn to sb. for help

　　向某人求助

　　Ⅲ.句型一览

　　1.would have＋过去分词 “想必……；肯定会……”(常用于虚拟语气)

　　That would_have_kept_them_warm (想必会给他们取暖), cooked the food and scared wild beasts away as well.

　　2．if only ... 要是……就好了

　　If_only (要是……就好了) it could be just like last year!

　　3．had done ... when ... 刚刚……这时……

　　She had_almost_reached (就要到达) her destination when (这时) a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.

　　4．only to do“结果却……”，表示意想不到或令人失望的结果

　　Abruptly she sat down, only_to_be_scooped_up (结果却被……搂了起来) by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.

　　Ⅳ.语法自测——现在完成进行时

　　完成句子

　　1．Jonathan, an American who_has_been_working in China for three years, has read some ancient Chinese classics in English and can name several ancient poets such as Li Bai.(work)

　　Jonathan是一位美国人，他这三年一直在中国工作，已经读过一些英文版的中国的古代名著，还能说出几位古代诗人的名字，例如李白。

　　2．They had_been_carrying_out_the_plan for almost one week before I joined them, and now we are still working on it as no good results have come out so far.(carry)

　　在我加入前，他们一直执行这个计划有一个星期了。我们现在仍然在继续进行，因为到目前为止还没有好的结果产生。

　　3．During the interview, should I bring it to the interviewer's attention that I have_been_longing_for the job？(long)

　　在面试的时候我是否该告诉考官我一直渴望得到这份工作？

　　4．Have a break, Amy.You have_been_practising_playing_the piano all the morning.(practise)

　　Amy，休息一会儿吧。你整个上午都在练习弹钢琴。

　　5．It's true that we don't know what we've got until we lose it, but it's also true that we don't know what_we_have_been_missing until it arrives.(miss)

　　的确，直到我们失去时我们才知道曾拥有的是什么，直到我们拥有了我们才知道曾经一直错过的是什么。

　　1.alternative adj.供选择的；其他的 n．可能的选择；选择对象

　　　①You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two alternatives.

　　你的工资可以按周以现金支取或按月以支票支取，二者可选其一。

　　(1)have no alternative but to do sth.

　　别无选择只好做某事

　　There's no alternative ...

　　……别无选择

　　an alternative to ...

　　……的替代品

　　(2)alternatively adv.

　　可供选择地

　　We had to go on, for there was no alternative.

　　我们只有继续下去，因为别无选择。

　　③The material's inventors say it has a number of possible uses and someday could provide a more environmentally friendly alternative to plastic.(2017·湖南阅读C)

　　这种材料的发明者说它有各种各样的潜在用途并且将来有一天能够提供一种更环保的塑料替代品。

　　【联想发散】“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式还有：

　　①have no choice but to do sth.

　　②can't do sth.but do sth.

　　③can do nothing but do sth.

　　在上述结构中若but之前出现实义动词do的某种形式 (does, did, done), but之后要用省略to的不定式，否则， but之后的to不能省略。

　　【对点练习】

　　用所给动词(短语)的适当形式填空

　　①You have no alternative but to_go_on (go on)．

　　②We can't do anything but wait (wait)．

　　③We can do nothing but give_up (give up).

　　2.interrupt vt.& vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止

　　　①One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting.(2017·浙江阅读C)

　　一个人应描述他或她的状况，而另外一个人应该倾听而不能打断。

　　(1)interrupt sb./sth.(with sth.)

　　　 (因某事)打断某人/某事

　　(2)interruption n.

　　打扰；插嘴；打岔；阻断物

　　without interruption

　　连续地；不断地

　　I'm sorry to interrupt you, but could you tell me the way to the hospital?

　　对不起，打扰了，你能告诉我去医院怎么走吗？

　　③I managed to work for two hours without interruption.

　　我设法连续工作了两个小时。

　　【对点练习】

　　根据英汉提示完成小片段

　　他说起来没有间断，他的朋友不得不礼貌地打断他引入一个新话题。不幸的是，他依然如此。

　　He spoke without_interruption,_and his friend had to interrupt_him politely to bring in a new topic. Unfortunately, he remained the same.

　　3.assume vt.假定；设想

　　　①When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils.(2017·江苏阅读C)

　　当他开始时，他猜想这种弯曲的形状在年代近些的化石中要更少见。

　　(1)assume sb./sth.to be　

　　假定/假设某人/某事为

　　It is assumed that ...

　　……被认为

　　(2)assumption n.

　　假定；假设

　　make an assumption

　　认为；假定

　　on the assumption that

　　假定

　　(3)assuming that ...

　　假设/假定……

　　The project was predicated on the assumption that the economy was expanding.

　　这一计划是以假定经济发展为依据做出的。

　　③Assuming that speed is kept constant, distance increases with time.

　　假定速度不变，则距离会随时间增大。

　　【对点练习】

　　一句多译

　　许多人认为他是正确的。

　　①A lot of people make_the_assumption_that_he_is_right.

　　②A lot of people assume_him_to_be_right.

　　③It_is_assumed_that he is right.

　　4.significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义

　　　①And all the members should realize the value and significance of what they are going to do.(2011·浙江任务型阅读)

　　并且所有队员应该意识到他们要做的事情的价值和意义。

　　(1)be of (great) significance　有意义/帮助

　　be of no significance

　　无意义/不重要

　　be of little significance

　　不太重要

　　attach (great) significance to

　　认为……重要

　　(2)significant adj.

　　重要的；明显的

　　It is significant that ... (＝ significantly) 很明显……

　　significantly adv.

　　有重大意义地；显著地；明显地

　　②Their change of plan is strange but I think it's of no significance.

　　他们改变了计划十分奇怪，但我觉得没什么意义。

　　【联想发散】其他常见“of＋抽象名词”的短语：

　　①be of help ＝ be helpful

　　②be of value ＝ be valuable

　　③be of importance ＝ be important

　　④be of use ＝ be useful

　　【对点练习】

　　句型转换

　　①Significantly, he changed his will only days before his death.

　　→It is significant that he changed his will only days before his death.

　　②The plan to be carried out is greatly significant to people's life here.

　　→The plan to be carried out is of great significance to people's life here.

　　③We should attach much significance to this matter.

　　→Much significance should be attached to this matter.

　　5.arrest n．逮捕；拘留vt.逮捕；吸引

　　(1)arrest sb.for　因……而逮捕某人

　　get arrested

　　遭到逮捕

　　arrest one's attention

　　引起注意

　　(2)under arrest

　　被捕

　　make an arrest

　　进行拘捕

　　①A man has been arrested in connection with the robbery.

　　一名与这桩抢劫案有关的男子已被逮捕。

　　②The young man got arrested for causing that serious accident.

　　因造成严重事故，这名年轻人被捕了。

　　【对点练习】

　　完成句子

　　①Her laughter arrested_our_attention and we all stared at her.(arrest)

　　她的笑声吸引了我们的注意力，我们都盯着她看。

　　②Fifteen persons were_under_arrest because of the serious violence.(be)

　　由于暴乱十五人被捕。

　　6.regardless of不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)

　　　①If we can allow our children to be themselves without prejudice, they'll build friendships with people, regardless of race or religion, who will be by their side through thick and thin.(2017·福建完形)

　　如果我们允许孩子们没有偏见地正常生活，他们就会和各种种族或宗教的人们建立起友谊，这些人将会和他们同甘共苦。

　　②He went ahead and did it, regardless of the consequences.

　　他说做就做了，没有考虑后果。

　　【个性比较】　regardless of, despite/in spite of

　　regardless of 强调“不认为……重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，其后可接whether, what引导的从句

　　despite/in

　　spite of 意为“尽管……但是……”，其后一般不接从句

　　【对点练习】

　　选词填空(regardless of/despite)

　　①Regardless_of whether he is right or wrong, we have to follow his decisions.

　　②Despite the high mountains and thick forests, the doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident for the rescue.

　　7.be fed up with受够了；饱受；厌烦

　　　①We are all fed up with his laziness and carelessness.

　　我们都已无法忍受他的懒惰和粗心。

　　be fed up

　　厌烦

　　feed back

　　反应；反馈

　　feed sb./sth.on sth.

　　用……喂养……

　　feed sth.to sb./sth.

　　喂……给……

　　feed on sth.(动物)

　　以……为食；靠……活

　　②I was getting extremely tired and fed up, because I had too many late nights and early mornings with the children.

　　我疲惫不堪，厌烦至极，因为我要和孩子们一起晚上熬到深夜，白天还要早早起床。

　　③The salesman fed back information to the firm about its sales.

　　这位推销员将售货情况反馈到商行。

　　【对点练习】

　　介、副词填空

　　①In the zoo, you can feed these carrots to the rabbits.

　　②In the zoo, you can feed the rabbits on these carrots.

　　③People are fed up with all these traffic jams during the rush hour.

　　④Test results will be fed back to the schools.

　　8.date back to (＝ date from) 追溯到……

　　　①According to the expert, the temple has a history dating back to the early Tang Dynasty.

　　那位专家说这座寺庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。

　　②My interest in stamp collecting dates back to/dates from my schooldays.

　　我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。

　　【关键一点】　date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词。

　　【对点练习】

　　用date的相关短语完成下列句子

　　①在湖南省一座古墓中挖掘出来的青铜剑可追溯到2 000年前。

　　The bronze sword discovered in an ancient tomb in Hunan Province dates_back_to 2,000 years ago.

　　②这是一栋追溯至16世纪的古老建筑物。

　　This is an old building dating_from/dating_back_to the 16th century.

　　①somehow adv.以……方式；不知怎么地

　　副词somehow可置于句首、句中或句末。置于句首及句末时也可与主句之间用逗号隔开。

　　anyhow adv.

　　不管怎样

　　somewhat adv.

　　有点；颇为

　　someway adv.

　　以某种方式；不管怎样

　　applaud vi.& vt.

　　鼓掌欢迎；赞赏

　　applaud sb.for sth.

　　因……赞赏某人

　　applause n.

　　鼓掌欢迎；称赞；赞扬

　　at most

　　至多；最多(＝ at the most)

　　at (the) least

　　至少

　　at (the) best

　　充其量；最好

　　④look ahead

　　向前看；为将来打算

　　【对点练习】

　　结合上述词汇完成下列句子

　　①我赞赏她拥有敢于拒绝的勇气。

　　I applaud_her_for having the courage to refuse.

　　②我们的淡水至多持续两天。

　　Our fresh water can last two days at_most.

　　③往前看，你便可以发现在你的面前有一条宽阔的路。

　　Look_ahead and you will find there is a broad road in front of you.

　　④这价格比我预料的贵了一点。

　　The price is somewhat_higher than I expected.

　　1.If_only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!

　　她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！

　　【句型透视】(1)此句使用了虚拟语气。if only ...表示“要是……就好了”。 “if only ... could/would/might＋do ...”表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should)。

　　If only the whole family could be united during the Spring Festival!

　　今年春节全家能团圆就好了！

　　(2)“if only ... did ...”表示对与目前或现在事实相反的愿望。

　　If only I were slimmer, more beautiful, richer, more clever！(2017·浙江任务型阅读)

　　要是我更苗条一些、更漂亮一些、更富有一些、更聪明一些该多好啊！

　　(3)“if only ... had done ...”表示对与过去事实相反的愿望。

　　I had no information about my son. If only I hadn't said those tough words to him.

　　还没有我儿子的消息。要是我没对他说那些太严厉的话就好了。

　　【个性比较】　if only, only if

　　if only 用来表达愿望，意为“但愿……；要是……就好了”，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气

　　only if 由副词 only 和从属连词 if 组合而成，only 仅起强调作用，意为“只要”；“only＋if状语”位于句首时，引起主句部分倒装

　　【对点练习】

　　选词填空(if only/only if)

　　①If_only I could speak several foreign languages.

　　②Only_if you promise not to invite Mary will I come.

　　2.Abruptly she sat down, only_to_be_scooped_up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.

　　突然间她坐了下去，却又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。

　　【句型透视】(1)only to do sth.“不料，结果……”，动词不定式作结果状语，表示意料不到的情况。

　　I hurried to his house, only to find him out.

　　我急急忙忙赶到他家，结果却发现他不在家。

　　(2)现在分词作结果状语多表示顺其自然的结果。

　　His father died, leaving him a lot of money.

　　他父亲去世了，留给他许多钱。

　　(3)形容词或形容词短语可以作状语，表示主语的处境或状况；在句中的位置比较灵活。

　　For a moment she just stood there, unable to believe what had just happened.

　　她在那儿呆呆地站了一会儿，不敢相信刚才发生的事情。

　　She was lying in bed, awake, listening to the rushing winds.

　　她醒着躺在床上，静听着那疾驰而过的大风。

　　【对点练习】

　　完成句子

　　①George returned after the war, only_to_be_told that his wife had left him.(tell)

　　乔治战后回来，却被告知他妻子已经离开了他。

　　②She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking_it_into_pieces.(break)

　　她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写

　　Apart from what you have mentioned above, do you have any alternative (供选择的) suggestions?

　　2．Sorry to interrupt (打断), but I need to ask you to come downstairs.

　　3．Anne sharpened (使锋利) her pencil and continued her homework.

　　4．The police have arrested (逮捕) almost everybody who is involved in the robbery.

　　5．The driver accelerated (加速) his car, which disappeared in the distance soon.

　　6．I assumed_ (猜想) that he was asleep when I came into the bedroom last night.

　　7．The novels are divided into three categories (类别): historical, romantic and detective.

　　8．It is of great significance (意义) for me to take part in the activity.

　　9．The government has taken tentative (试探性的) steps towards solving the country's economic problems.

　　10．Hearing the wolves howling (嚎叫) in the forest, she hurried back home.

　　Ⅱ.选词填空

　　1．Keep him informed_regardless_of what has happened at home and abroad.

　　2．I am_fed_up to live with such a troublesome person in such a noisy street.

　　3．I have_no_alternative_but to wait until his secretary comes.

　　4．If_only they would tell me what they've decided.

　　5．I am_tired_out. I have been working the whole afternoon.

　　Ⅲ.根据汉语提示，选用练习Ⅰ、Ⅱ中的句子，加入适当过渡词后联句成篇

　　1．不管国内外发生了什么事情随时让他知道，这对我来说是十分重要的。

　　2．昨天晚上，我猜想他已经入睡，就决定不再打扰他。

　　3．今天早上，他十分生气。我实在是受够了。

　　4．我别无选择只好等他的秘书到来。

　　It is of great significance for me to keep him informed regardless of what has happened at home and abroad.Last night, I assumed that he was asleep, so I decided I had better not interrupt him.As a result, he got angry this morning.I am fed up but I have no alternative but to wait until his secretary comes.

　　Ⅰ.多项选择

　　1．My classmates were all ________ their smart phones during a high school friends meeting, busy taking pictures of their meal and uploading them to their micro blogs.

　　A．fed up withB．exposed to

　　C．occupied with

　　D．linked to

　　解析：选C　句意：在中学朋友聚会上，我的同学们都在忙于他们的智能手机，忙于给他们的餐宴拍照并把它们上传到微博上。be fed up with“饱受；厌烦”；be exposed to“暴露于……”；be occupied with “忙于某事物”；be linked to“与……连接”。根据语境和句意，正确答案为C。

　　2．(2017·宿州质检)________ those past years, we couldn't help feeling sorry for our parents who never had a rest all the year round.

　　A．Looking back upon

　　B．Looking around

　　C．Looking ahead

　　D．Looking up

　　解析：选A　look back upon“回顾”，符合句意。look around“环视”；look ahead“向前看”；look up“查阅；查出；看望”。

　　3．When he opened his mouth to speak, his strong accent at once ________ the fact that he was from the south of China.

　　A．believed

　　B．expressed

　　C．pressed

　　D．betrayed

　　解析：选D　句意：当他开口说话时，他浓重的口音立刻显示出他来自中国的南部地区。betray “显露出(本来面目)；背叛”，符合句意。believe“相信”； express“表达”； press“压；挤”。

　　4．He tried his best to make the ________ of the famous professor and persuaded him to be his tutor.

　　A．decision

　　B．function

　　C．acquaintance

　　D．friends

　　解析：选C　句意：他尽力结识那位著名教授，并说服他当他的导师。make the acquaintance of sb.“结识；与……相见”，是固定短语。make a decision about “就……做出决定”；function “作用；功能；职能”；make friends with “与……交朋友”。

　　5．(2017·荆州中学高三质检)In order to ________ the development of the west of our country, many special policies have been made, such as encouraging people to go to work in the west.

　　A．accelerate

　　B．accomplish

　　C．acknowledge

　　D．accompany

　　解析：选A　句意：为了加快西部地区的发展，我们国家制定了特殊政策，例如，鼓励人们去西部工作。accelerate“加速；促进”，符合句意。

　　6．(2017·兰州高三质检)It was reported that his speech was repeatedly ________ by thunderous applauses.

　　A．interrupted

　　B．disturbed

　　C．interpreted

　　D．indicated

　　解析：选A　interrupt“打断；中止”，符合句意。

　　7．(2017·蚌埠模拟)I know what we're doing is legal, but ________ it doesn't feel right.

　　A．therefore

　　B．otherwise

　　C．somehow

　　D．anyhow

　　解析：选C　somehow“不知怎么地”，符合句意。

　　8．With so many natural disasters happening here and there, we are ________ that the global climate is indeed changing.

　　A．conscious

　　B．aware

　　C．evident

　　D．obvious

　　解析：选B　aware“知道；意识到”，与句意相符。conscious“有意识的；有知觉的；神志清醒的”；evident“明白的；明显的”；obvious“明显的；明白的”。

　　9．(2017·湖北部分重点中学联考)Observers said it was a ________ step towards giving some political power to the country's citizens and the final decision would be discussed further.

　　A．alternative

　　B．tentative

　　C．proper

　　D．intelligent

　　解析：选B　考查形容词辨析。句意：观察者说这是给予这个国家公民一些政治权利的实验性(tentative)的一步，最终的决定还有待进一步讨论。alternative“可选择的”；proper“恰当的”；intelligent“聪明的”。

　　10．This special school accepts all disabled students, ________ educational level and background.

　　A．according to

　　B．regardless of

　　C．in addition to

　　D．in terms of

　　解析：选B　regardless of“不管；无论”，符合句意。according to“根据”；in addition to“除……之外”；in terms of“从……方面来说”。

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．I didn't see him at the meeting yesterday. He could not_have_attended it.(attend)

　　我昨天在会上没有看见他。他不可能参加会议。

　　2．(2017·武汉二中模拟)Actually, there are lots of nice places in the city for tourists to explore, but the Yellow Crane Tower with its long history is a mustsee, as_is_the_East_Lake.(as)

　　实际上，这座城市有很多好地方可供游客探索，而历史悠久的黄鹤楼是必看景点，东湖也是。

　　3．Constant quarrels between my parents are driving me crazy.If only I_had_a_warm_family.(have)

　　我的父母没完没了地争吵快把我逼疯了。要是我有一个温暖的家庭该多好啊。

　　4．Unfortunately, we rushed the fallen old man to hospital, only to_be_told that we were responsible for him.(tell)

　　很不幸，我们迅速把摔倒的老人送到医院，却被告知要对老人(的摔倒)负责。

　　5．Assuming_that_we_can't_get the necessary equipment, we will have to give up the experiment.(assume)

　　假如我们得不到必要的设备，我们将不得不放弃这个实验。

　　6．The electricity must_have_been_cut_off last night, for the workers were examining the electric wires.(cut)

　　昨晚电肯定被切断了，因为当时工人们正在检修线路。

　　7．We were stuck at the airport because of the heavy fog, otherwise we would_have_arrived here in time for the conference.(arrive)

　　我们因为大雾被困在机场，否则就能及时赶上这儿的会议了。

　　8．The air quality in our city, as is shown in the chart, has_declinedover the last three months.(decline)

　　从图表中可以看出，我们城市的空气质量在过去的三个月中有所下降。

　　9．He was 18, fed_up_with/who_was_fed_up_with everything Scotland had to offer, and hoped for a fresh start in the USA.(feed)

　　他18岁了，厌倦了苏格兰的一切，希望在美国有个新的开端。

　　10．Having_been_robbed_of_my_money on my way back home from work, I returned home, feeling upset.(rob)

　　我的钱在下班回家的路上被抢后，我回家了，感觉很不爽。

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　(2017·厦门外国语学校模拟)I moved from Chicago to Brooklyn in July of 2010, just in time to watch my mother die. My parents were both gone now. I took with me as many things they had left behind as I could.

　　I was walking out one Saturday later that summer when something caught my eye — a pale green dress.

　　Laid out on the pavement was stuff like earrings, glass candle holders, and books. Hanging on the fence behind were a few pairs of jeans and a green cotton dress.

　　The woman, the host of the stoop (门廊) sale, looked like she was getting rid of a past she didn't need or want: a dress that was too big for her, a chest of drawers that took up too much space, space she needed, maybe, to heal, recover, or grow.

　　I wasn't really planning on buying anything, but now I needed to show her that I appreciated her things and I would give them a safe home. Then I had my first stoop sale — I paid her 20 dollars for her green cotton dress and her blue candle holder.

　　From that day on, I became interested in stoop sales. Some of my favorite things are from someone else's life. I find no joy in shopping at regular stores any more. I love trying to sniff out a memory from a vase or a drawer. It is comforting to know that someone has breathed and laughed inside a sweater before me.

　　A few weeks ago, I carried my mother's dresses to a friend's stoop. These were her best items, which were once worn by the most important person in my life. For many hours, I watched from across the path people advancing the stoop, some leaving with Mom's dress. I used to think that her stuff was as forever sacred (神圣的) as my memory of her. I know now that once I love a scarf or shirt too dearly, it needs to find a new home. Even that green dress is long gone by now.

　　1．The author took her mother's dresses after her death because ________.

　　A．she valued the things used by her mom

　　B．she didn't want to throw them away

　　C．she could sell them later

　　D．they were her mom's best items

　　解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“These were her best items, which were once worn by the most important person in my life.”以及“I used to think that her stuff was as forever sacred (神圣的) as my memory of her.”可推知，作者留下母亲的衣服是因为珍视母亲用过的东西。

　　2．From the passage, we know that ________.

　　A．the things the author bought from the woman were too big

　　B．the author is fond of imagining others' life experiences

　　C．the author will never shop at regular stores any more

　　D．the author still keeps most of her mom's things

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I love trying to sniff out a memory from a vase or a drawer.”可知，作者喜欢通过这些东西想象别人的生活经历。

　　3．In the last paragraph, the author tries to tell us that ________.

　　A．her mom is the number one person in her life

　　B．she didn't really want to sell her mom's dresses

　　C．she still thinks of her mother quite often

　　D．love doesn't mean holding on to something tightly

　　解析：选D　段落大意题。根据最后一段的“I know now that once I love ...a new home.”可知，作者认为非常喜欢一件东西时，不是紧抓住它不放，而是给它找一个新家，所以选D。

　　4．It can be inferred that the author will ________.

　　A．not sell her own things at stoop sales

　　B．keep her mom in her mind in another way

　　C．be sad about all the memory of her mom

　　D．move to another city for a new life

　　解析：选B　推理判断题。作者将自己珍视的母亲的衣服卖出去，为它们找个新家，说明作者不再通过留着母亲的衣物来怀念她，而是改用另一种方式。故B项正确。

　　Over 70 percent of the “double singlechild couples” in China need help from their parents in taking care of their own kids, according to a recent survey. “Women of China” magazine and a consulting company carried out a survey recently on young couples of the “singlechild” generation , the Morning Post reports. The couples surveyed were around 29 and have been married for three years on average, with university education and monthly income of 4,000 yuan ($531). Among them, 43.5 percent have kids.

　　Results show that 71.9 percent of the young couples have help from their parents in taking care of their kids. Grown up as the “singlechild”， the only child in a family since the family planning policy was adopted in 1979, this generation depends much on their parents. The parents of the “singlechild” generation focused more on their children's physical wellbeing rather than their attitudes and values, according to some psychologists. The research also found that the “double singlechild couples” follow a rather traditional value system.

　　Survey shows that 27.5 percent of them got married after dating for one to two years, 25.2 percent two to five years, and 20 percent didn't tie the knot until dating for five years. Also, 30 percent of the couples were schoolmates, while 43.8 percent were introduced by someone.

　　Since their marriage are based on enduring relationships, 65.2 percent of the husbands and 62.9

　　percent of the wives think that compromise (妥协) and tolerance (宽容) are necessary in their marriage. Meanwhile, 21.7 percent of the husbands and 37.1 percent of the wives support the idea that happiness is the key standard for a marriage.

　　5．The best title for the passage should be ________.

　　A．Mom and Dad, Take Care of My Kid Please

　　B．Double Singlechild Couples

　　C．The Problem of the Single Child

　　D．A Recent Survey by “Woman of China”

　　解析：选A　标题归纳题。根据短文第一段第一句并结合下文内容可知，让双独生子女的父母来照顾孩子是短文的中心话题，因此，A项可作为最佳标题。

　　6．Which of the following is NOT supported by the passage?

　　A．The majority of the “double singlechild couples” in China depend much on their parents.

　　B．The parents of the “singlechild” generation more care about their study and education.

　　C．Onefifth of the couples surveyed didn't get married until dating for five years.

　　D．All the couples surveyed have university education and 30 percent of them were schoolmates.

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据短文第二段第三句可知，独生子女的父母更关注孩子的健康而不是他们的态度和价值观，因此，B项内容表述错误。根据短文第一段第一句可知，A项符合文意。根据短文第三段第一句可知，C项符合文意。根据短文第一段倒数第二句及第三段最后一句可知，D项符合文意。故答案选B。

　　8．Which of the following descriptions about “double singlechild couples” is TRUE?

　　A．They are single child in either family and independent of their parents.

　　B．They have at least two children and can afford to support themselves.

　　C．They are single child in either family and they are dependent on their parents.

　　D．They, who were introduced by someone, follow a rather traditional value system.

　　7．The traditional value system mentioned in the passage refers that ________.

　　A．parents are concerned about their children's physical life as well as the spiritual life

　　B．most couples were introduced by someone and made dating for a long time

　　C．once begun, double singlechild couples' marriage will last forever

　　D．the couples think that compromise and tolerance are necessary in their marriage

　　解析：选D　推理判断题。根据短文最后一段第一句可知，D项内容符合题意。

　　8．According to the passage, we can learn that ________ is necessary in marriage.

　　A．wealth

　　B．health

　　C．understanding

　　D．education

　　解析：选C　推理判断题。根据短文最后一段内容可知，妥协和宽容在婚姻中是必要的，而妥协和宽容实际上是建立在相互理解的基础之上，因此，C项与题意相符。

　　写作技能提升(八)　现场阅卷

　　一、考试说明中对短文写作的要求

　　要求考生根据提示准确使用英语语法、词汇进行书面表达。考生应能：有效运用所学语言知识，准确使用语法和词汇；使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；要求考生根据所给提示和相关要求，用英语写一篇120个单词左右的短文。提示包括目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等；提示的形式有图画、图表、提纲等。

　　二、评分原则、评分标准和评分示范

　　1.评分原则

　　①本题总分为30分，按5个档次给分。

　　②词数少于100，将分数降低一个档次。(酌情给分)

　　③评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。评分档次的确定应在内容符合题目要求的前提下侧重于语言的表达。

　　④评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容切题，语言表达准确、多样、连贯、得体。

　　⑤拼写与标点符号是语言表达准确的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。

　　⑥如书写太潦草，以致影响辨认，将分数降低一个档次。(实际要求：确实看不清楚可作为问题卷提交)

　　2．各档次的给分范围和要求

　　第五档25－30分

　　完全完成了试题规定的任务。——所有内容与提示吻合。——应用了较丰富的语法结构和词汇。——语法结构与词汇应用准确，虽有个别错误，但不影响意义的表达；具备较强的语言运用能力。——恰当使用了语句间的连接成分，全文结构紧凑。完全达到了预期的写作目的。

　　第四档19－24分完成了试题规定的任务。——主要内容与提示吻合。——应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。——语法结构与词汇应用基本准确，个别错误对意义的表达有一定影响。——较恰当地使用了语句间的连接成分，全文结构较紧凑。达到了预期的写作目的。

　　第三档

　　13－18分

　　——主要内容与提示比较吻合。

　　——应用的语法结构和词汇能基本满足任务的要求。

　　——有一些语法结构与词汇的错误，对意义的表达有较大影响。

　　——基本能使用语句间的连接成分，全文结构比较松散。

　　整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。

　　第二档

　　7－12分

　　仅完成试题规定的部分任务。

　　——主要内容与提示基本吻合。

　　——语法结构单调，应用词汇有限。

　　——有较多语法结构与词汇方面的错误，影响了意义的表达。

　　——语句间的连接成分运用不当，缺少连贯性。

　　信息未能清楚地传达给读者。

　　第一档

　　1－6分

　　未完成试题规定的部分任务。

　　——主要内容与提示不太吻合。

　　——语法结构单一，应用词汇十分有限。

　　——有较多语法结构或词汇方面的严重错误，严重影响了意义的表达。

　　——缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。

　　信息未能传达给读者。

　　0分

　　未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。(只有白卷、汉语、其他语言、拼音才给0分，只要写出超过五个单词，给1分)

　　三、阅卷现场感悟

　　三档作文

　　得分：15分

　　[阅卷点评]

　　1．本文主要内容与提示基本吻合。

　　2．应用的语法结构和词汇能基本满足任务的要求。有一些语法结构与词汇的表达错误，对意义的表达有较大影响。

　　3．使用了语句间的连接成分，如but, and, so等，全文内容基本连贯，但结构较松散。

　　4．整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。

　　失分原因：

　　1．词汇及语法结构错误较多。

　　2．高级词汇、高级句式及复杂句式偏少。

　　3．句与句之间的衔接不够自然流畅，全文结构较松散。

　　四档作文

　　得分：22分

　　[阅卷点评]

　　1．本文主要内容与提示基本吻合。

　　2．用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求，表达基本准确。

　　如：第一句的引用语作为文章开头非常出彩，it is＋adj.(＋for sb.) to do sth., take advantage of, do one's utmost等。

　　3．个别错误对意义的表达有一定影响。

　　4．书写工整、整洁。

　　5．较恰当地使用了句与句之间的衔接成分，如besides, eventually等。全文结构紧凑，达到了预期的写作目的。

　　失分原因：

　　1．个别标点混乱。2.有部分单词和短语表达不正确。3.高级表达较少，句型结构单一。

　　五档作文

　　[阅卷点评]

　　1．本文所写内容与提示吻合，中心突出，结论明了。

　　2．本文使用了较多的高级词汇、语法结构及复杂句式，并且运用准确恰当。

　　①高级词汇：vary from ... to ..., arouse, opposite, seemingly, unexpected, be optimistic, burst into, emphasize等。

　　②复杂句式：多处使用定语从句和名词性从句，while作为并列连词表达对比意义，whatever引导让步状语从句，so that引导目的状语从句等。

　　3．本文是三段式作文，段落化分清晰明了。论点——举例说明——结论。

　　4．书写整洁、美观。

　　5．全文结构严谨，虽有几处词汇错误，但不影响意义的表达，完全达到了写作目的，属五档作文。

　　失分原因：有个别词汇及语法错误。

　　得分：28分

　　满分作文欣赏

　　A brilliant future is what everybody is looking forward to. Nevertheless, life just doesn't always treat everyone equally. Some people may be fortunate enough not to be bothered by hardships frequently, and meanwhile most of us have to be faced with all kinds of troublesome situations. As we can't choose what has been given, we can do our best to be strong and positive in order to make the best of our life.

　　Here comes a typical example of my friend, Helen. Possessing beautiful appearance as well as modest attitude, she used to be the kind of girl who was adored by everyone. Unluckily, an unexpected car accident happened to her when she was just ten years old. She was injured so severely that the doctor had to cut off her right leg. Instead of surrendering herself to despair, she maintained an optimistic attitude towards life and always wore a lovely smile as before. Disabled as she was, she managed to become one of the best students in her class.

　　Her story impressed me so much that I've learned something significant from it that sometimes it isn't destiny that defeats you but your own choice. If you are strong enough, there is nothing that can prohibit you to have a better tomorrow.