It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character. And it turns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man. In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace, the wars having reached the critical year of 1812, Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar(沙皇), who has come with peace terms. Napoleon is very angry:　doesn’t he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped. “That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war! “ he shouts. And then, Tolstoy writes, Napoleon“walked silently several times up and down the room, his fat shoulders moving quickly.”

　　Still later, after reviewing his army amid cheering crowds, Napoleon invites the shaken Russian to dinner. “He raised his hand to the Russian’s. . . face, “ Tolstoy writes, and“taking him by the ear pulled it gently. . .” To have one’s ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court. “Well, well, why don’t you say anything?” said he, as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect any one but himself, Napoleon.

　　Tolstoy did his research, but the composition is his own. 　

　　1. Tolstoy’s description of Napoleon in War and Peace is　.　

　　A. far from the historical facts

　　B. based on the Russian history

　　C. based on his selection of facts

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