According to them, cultures therefore include everything from rites of passage to concepts of the soul.

　　As for the broad definitions of culture, it is impossible for a curriculum to cover “everything” about foreign culture in any foreign language program. So the English as a Foreign Language teachers have to look at various theoretical concepts closely and consider their validity in the context of language pedagogy.

　　In recent years, socio-linguists and EFL teachers have expanded the notion of culture in language education from “culture with a big C” to “culture with a small c”.

　　“Culture with a big C” focuses on “the sum total of a people’s achievement and contributions to civilization: art, music, literature, architecture, technology, scientific discoveries and philosophy”. “Culture with a small c” includes “the behavior patterns of the life style of people: when and what they eat, how they make a living, the way they organize their society, the attitudes they express towards friends and members of their families, how they act in different situations, which expressions they use to show approval and disapproval, the traditions they must observe, and so on” (Allen&Valette, 1977: 325,cited in 鲍志坤,1997).

　　Nowadays, it is highly suggested that language education should put emphasis on “small c”. And the author supports this view and hold that language teachers in senior high school should teach “small c” rather than “big C”.

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