Constant computer use has been blamed in the past for shorter attention spans, a culture of instant gratification and making young people more self­centered.

　　In a study, the brains of 27 volunteers were scanned as they learned made­up words.

　　They found hearing and then verbally imitating speech was the key to understanding.

　　Dr. Catani said, “When you learn a new word, you start by hearing a sound, then you try to repeat it until you get it right. Through this you increase your vocabulary from age one until you get to 30,000 words as an adult.”

　　The findings show listening, repetition and conversation are crucial to learning language.

　　But Dr. Catani believes it could mean young people are growing up lacking vital language skills.

　　He said,

　　“The brain is wired to learn sound through auditory processes, not visual. That is why we have oral traditions, with knowledge passed from generation to generation. Now we understand that this is how we learn new words, our concern is that children will have less vocabulary, as much of their interaction is through text, email and screen. This research reinforces the need for us to maintain the oral tradition of talking to our children.”

　　5. According to

　　Catani,

　　children who

　　learn from

　　on­screen images________.

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