keep their position in a group. Previously it was thought that large individuals simply

　　used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for

　　themselves, so keeping their competitors small.

　　While the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious, Dr. Wong explains that

　　understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to

　　understanding how hierarchical (等级的) societies remain stable.

　　The research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting is a habit far from exclusive to humans. “As yet, we lack a complete understanding of how widespread

　　the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature，” the researchers comment. “Data on human dieting suggests that, while humans generally diet to improve

　　health or increase attractiveness, rarely does it improve long­term health and males

　　regularly prefer females that are fatter than the females' own ideal.”

　　【语篇解读】　人类节食是为了让自己看起来更加美丽动人，而鱼类节食则是为了避免纷争，避免自己被赶出种群，而最终被吃掉。

　　5．When a goby grows to within 5～10% of the size of its larger competitor, it________.

　　A．faces dangerB．has breeding rights

　　C．eats its competitorD．leaves the group itself

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