●高考习作疯狂晨读（山东卷）

　　假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你的美国朋友Tom一周前给你发电子邮件，询问你暑假里的打算，但你因准备期末考试未能及时回复。请根据以下要点给他回封邮件：

　　1.未及时回信的原因；2.你假期的打算（如做兼职、旅行、做志愿者等）。

　　How is everything going? I feel terribly sorry for missing the chance of answering your letter in time. You know, I’ve been preparing for the final exams these days, so I forgot to write back. In your letter, you asked me for my plans on summer vacation. Now, I am writing to tell you some specific details.

　　Overall, three things will make my summer vacation meaningful. To start with, doing a part-time job is my dream and I intend to work as a salesman because not only can I earn money by myself, but also it will broaden my horizons. In addition, it is a fabulous choice to visit some famous scenic spots such as Mount Tai during the vacation, in order to enjoy appealing scenery and make more friends. What is more, doing voluntary work, I think, will make a great contribution to the society, which is able to enrich my life.

　　I sincerely apologize again for my mistake. By the way, what’s your plan to spend your summer vacation? I am looking forward to your reply.

　　●单元知识必背

　　1．respond vi.in response to 作为对……的反应

　　(1)They still haven't responded to my application.

　　(2)He responded to my suggestion with a laugh/ by laughing.

　　(3)His illness didn't respond to treatment by drugs.他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。

　　(4)My mother opened the door in response to the knock, but there was no one outside.

　　2．certain adj. 某(种)， 确定的；稍微的，无疑的；

　　(1)作“某(种)”讲时，同义于 some。但 some 前不加冠词。

　　for a certain reason＝for some reason 由于某种原因

　　(2) “确信的，有把握的” certain 的主语既可以是人，也可用于It is certain that...句型， sure 主语只能是人。

　　for certain/sure 确定地，确切地(做状语)

　　make certain/sure that弄清楚

　　(1) A certain Mr Brown telephoned while you were out.

　　(2) Are you sure/certain about/of it？

　　(3) There was a certain coldness in her attitude towards me.

　　(4) It is certain that she got stuck in the traffic jam.

　　(5) Make sure/certain that everyone remains seated.

　　(6) I can’t say for certain when he will put up at the local hotel.

　　3. affect vt.影响have an effect on；感动 affecting感人的；(疾病)感染

　　(1) As is known, the change in climate can affect our health.

　　(2) The audience deeply affected by his affecting speech went wild.

　　(3) In hot weather, he would stay at home in case of being affected by heat. 中暑

　　4. appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激；体谅

　　appreciate sth. (thank sb/ be grateful to sb.) 感激某事或某人

　　appreciate doing sth.感激做某事

　　I would appreciate your help /it if you lend me a hand./ I’m grateful to you for your help.

　　While I appreciate your problem, I don’t think I can help you.

　　5. harm vt. & n．损害；危害

　　be harmful to＝do harm to ＝do sb. harm.对……有害

　　There is no harm in doing sth.＝It does no harm (for sb.)to do sth.

　　(1) Fruit juice can do harm to children’s teeth./ Smoking is harmful to your health.

　　(2) He may say no, but there is no harm in asking him.他可能拒绝，但问一问也无妨。

　　6. die

　　The old traditions are dying out. 灭绝； (风俗、习惯等)逐渐消失

　　The members of the family had all died off. 相继死亡

　　The noise of the car died away in the distance减弱(以至于察觉不到)，淡化

　　The rumors will soon die down.(火、光线、兴奋、暴风雨等)渐弱，渐息；(声音)静下来

　　7. protect...from/against... 保护…免受…(的伤害)defend...from/against...保卫…以抵制…

　　keep sb. from doing/stop sb. (from) doing/prevent sb. (from) doing阻止某人做

　　Measures must be taken to protect our environment from being polluted.

　　Nothing can prevent us from fulfilling our dreams.

　　8. relief n 宽慰，减轻(痛苦或忧虑)，relieve

　　v

　　relived

　　adj

　　News of their safety came as a great relief. / Much to our relief, they came safely.

　　It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it.

　　---Don’t worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.

　　---What a relief! I’ll tell Dad there’s nothing serious.可轻松了

　　9. in danger (of...)处于危险之中out of danger 脱离危险

　　拓展： in order 有秩序in sight 看得见in trouble 在困境中in line 成行(队)

　　in place 适合in fashion 时尚out of order出故障(机器等工作不正常)

　　●重点句型：

　　1. It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I’d like to help as the WWF suggests.

　　As she grew older she gained in confidence.

　　随着

　　Do as the Romans do./Take things as they are and you’ll enjoy every day. 按照

　　As you were out, I left a message. 因为

　　Try as he might, the door wouldn’t open.尽管

　　2. It is a pity that in the story nobody helped the dodo.

　　3. This is the only home of the red Colobus monkey but there are very few left.

　　There was no time left, so we had to hurry up.

　　●词义辨析

　　contain/include

　　(1)contain 意为“包含，含有，容纳，里面装有”，指的是包含的全部内容或容量，也可指里面所含的成分。

　　(2)include 意为“包含；连……在内，计入，算入，包括”，只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分，其后的宾语往往是主语的一部分。常用 “including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included”。

　　The container contains many kinds of fruits, including apples/apples included.

　　巩固训练

　　. ●重点单词

　　1 _____________n．保护→protect v．保护→protective adj.保护的，2．vi. & vt.减少；(使)变小或变少→(反义词) increase

　　3． n．损失；遗失；丧失→lose v．遗失，lost adj.遗失的，4． vt. & vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻

　　5． vi.回答；响应；作出反应→response n. 回答，回复；反应

　　6． adj.确定的；无疑的；某种

　　7． vt.包含；容纳；容忍→container n．容器

　　8．adj.强大的；有力的→powerfully adv.有力地→power v．给……提供动力

　　9． vt.影响；感动；侵袭

　　10． vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到→appreciation n. 欣赏；感激

　　11．vi.成功 vt.接替；继任→successful adj. 成功的

　　12． vt.雇用；利用(时间、)

　　13． n. & vt.损害；危害→harmful adj.有害的

　　14．vt. & vi.咬；叮；刺痛→bit(过去式)→bitten(过去分词)

　　15．vt.检查；视察

　　16． adj.凶猛的；猛烈的→fiercely adv.猛烈地→fierceness n．猛烈

　　●重点短语

　　1．2．3．

　　在危险中，4．5．6．(危害)

　　7．

　　8．9．10．11．…摆布

　　12．

　　1．The driver was at ______ loss when ______ word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.

　　A．a; the B．/; /

　　C．the; the D．a; /

　　2．It is ______ that these seats are ________ for special guests.

　　A．sure; preserved

　　B．right; resisted

　　C．exact; applied

　　D．certain; reserved

　　3．I'd like to arrive 20 minutes early ______ I can have time for a cup of tea.

　　A．as soon as

　　B．as a result

　　C．in case

　　D．so that

　　4．More attention should be ______ equipment in our factory so that we can increase our production.

　　A．paid to improving

　　B．paid to improve

　　C．taken to improve

　　D．taken to improving

　　5．The disease failed to______to the new drugs the doctor applied.

　　A．respond

　　B．turn

　　C．reply

　　D．refer

　　6．After a heated discussion at the meeting, a new plan came ______ being, which would have a great effect ______the cultural life of the people.

　　A．into; for

　　B．to; to

　　C．from; at

　　D．into; on

　　7．Nobody knows exactly how many years it will be ______ the Chinese football team enters the final stage of the World Cup.

　　A．when

　　B．since

　　C．before

　　D．until

　　8. If we didn’t take steps, the pandas would ___ some day just as dinosaurs, which is terrible.

　　A. die out

　　B. die away

　　C. die down

　　D. die off

　　9. It came as a great _____ to the parents that their son finally came back safe and sound.

　　A. favor

　　B. sense

　　C. relief

　　D. relaxation

　　10. I’d appreciate ___ , to be frank, if goods could be delivered as soon as possible.

　　A. you

　　B. it

　　C. this

　　D. that

　　11. Much to my amazement, some people in Syria lives completely _____ terrorists.

　　A. in favour of

　　B. in fear of

　　C. on account of

　　D. at the mercy of

　　12. ---How many passengers were injured in the air crash?

　　---It ___ 181, many Chinese _____.

　　A. contained; included

　　B. contained; including

　　C. included; contained

　　D. contained; containing

　　13. With the government’s aid, those___ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.

　　A. affect

　　B. affecting

　　C. affected

　　D. were affected

　　14. ---It’s a long time ___ I last saw you.

　　---Yes, and it will be another month ____ we can meet again.

　　A. before; since

　　B. when; before

　　C. since; when

　　D. since; before

　　15. It is reported that many a new house ___ at present in the disaster area.

　　A. are building

　　B. has been built

　　C. is being built

　　D. has been building

　　●完成句子

　　1. As a ____, he ______ in doing many things, and many people wonder how he could be ______in everything. (success)

　　2. His words had great ______ on us, and we are __________by his action. (affect/effect)

　　3. If you do _______________(按照被告知的), your dream will come true soon.

　　4. __________________(真可惜) he should miss such a golden opportunity.

　　5. _______________________(已经没有时间)for us to think it over.

　　6. ________________________(我将感激不尽) if you could donate some money to help set up the reserve.

　　7. ________________________(应投入更多的注意力) to the housing problems of the average people.

　　8. We should make efforts to _________________________________(保护濒危动物免受灭绝)

　　9. ______________________(抱歉)for missing the chance of answering your letter in time.

　　10.首先____________其次____________ 再者 ____________ 总之____________

　　●连句成文

　　随着社会的发展，我们的环境却越来越糟。越来越多的动物正濒临灭绝。

　　__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　幸运的是，政府已经关注这个问题，并积极采取了一系列措施。

　　__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　如果我们每个人能捐赠建立保护区，我们一定会建立一个和谐的自然。in harmony

　　__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　●短文改错

　　Online shopping is increasing popular among people in recent years．Some people liked to buy goods online．And I don’ t like it, because online shopping is less reliable than the traditional sale．Firstly, some dishonest merchant offer consumers to false information online．Secondly, consumers can’t feel the items that is usually presented by means of pictures．This means the items delivering may differ from which consumers expect．As a result, they may risk returning the items at our own expense．Thirdly, the items might be damaged during delivery．In word, online shopping isn’t reliable at all．

　　参考答案：

　　●重点单词

　　1．protection nprotect v．保护→protective adj.保护的，2．decrease vi. & vt.(使)变小或变少

　　3．loss nlose v．遗失，loser n．输家；失败者→lost adj.遗失的失去的

　　4．hunt vt. & vi.5．respond vi.6．certain adj.7．contain vt.container n．容器

　　8．powerful adj.powerfully adv.有力地→power v．给……提供动力

　　9．affect vt.10．appreciate vt.11．succeed vi. vt.接替；继任

　　12．employ vt.(时间、)

　　13．harm n. & vt.harmful adj.有害的

　　14．bite vt. & vi.bit(过去式)→bitten(过去分词)

　　15．inspect vt.

　　16．fierce adj.fiercely adv.猛烈地→fierceness n．猛烈

　　●重点短语

　　1．die out2．in peace

　　3．in danger(of)

　　，4．in relief

　　5．burst into laughter

　　6．protect...from

　　(危害)

　　7．pay attention to

　　8．come into being

　　9．according to

　　10．do harm to

　　11．without mercy

　　…摆布

　　12．respond to

　　1---5 DDDAA

　　6---10DCACB

　　11---15DACDC

　　●完成句子

　　1.success, succeed, successful 2.effect, affected

　　3.as told 4.It is pity that

　　5.There is no time left 6.I’d appreciate it 7.More attention should be paid 8.protect the endangered animals from dying out. 9.I’m terribly sorry 10.to start with, in addition, what’s more, overall

　　●连句成文

　　1. With the society developing, our environment is getting worse and worse, leaving lots of wild animals dying out.

　　2. Fortunately, our government has realized that great importance should be attached to it and effective measures be taken immediately.

　　3. If everyone should donate money to set up the reserve, we would be bound to live with nature in harmony.

　　●短文改错

　　Online shopping is increasing popular among people in recent years. Some

　　increasingly

　　people liked to buy goods online. And I don’t like it, because online shopping

　　like

　　But

　　is less reliable than the traditional sale. Firstly, some dishonest merchant offer

　　merchants

　　consumers to false information online. Secondly, consumers can’t feel the items

　　that is usually presented by means of pictures. This means the items delivering

　　are

　　delivered

　　may differ from which consumers expect. As a result, they may risk returning

　　what

　　the items at our own expense. Thirdly, the items might be damaged during delivery.

　　their

　　In ∧word, online shopping isn’t reliable at all.

　　a

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