Is thinking reducible to, or dependent upon, language habits? It would seem that many thinking situations are hardly distinguishable from the skillful use of language, although there are some others in which language is not involved. Thought cannot be simply identified with using language. It may be the case, of course, that the non-linguistic skills involved in thought can only be acquired and developed if the learner is able to use and understand language. However, this question is one which we cannot hope to answer in this book. Obviously being able to use language makes for a considerable development in all one’s capacities but how precisely this comes about we cannot say.
At the common-sense level it appears that there is often a distinction between thought and the words we employ to communicate with other people. We often have to struggle hard to find words to capture what our thinking has already grasped, and when we do find words we sometimes feel that they fail to do their job properly. Again when we report or describe our thinking to other people we do not merely report unspoken words and sentences. Such sentences do not always occur in thinking, and when they do they are merged with vague imagery and the hint of unconscious or subliminal(潜意识) activities going on just out of rage. Thinking, as it happens, is more like struggling, striving, or searching for something than it is like talking or reading.
Again the study of speech disorders due to brain injury disease suggests that patients can think without having adequate control over their language. Some patients, for example, fail to find the names of objects presented to them and are unable to describe simple events which they witness; they even find it difficult to interpret long written notices. But they succeed in playing games of chess or draughts. They can use the concepts needed for chess playing or draught playing but are unable to use many of the concepts in ordinary language. How they manage to do this we do not know. Presumably human beings have various capacities for thinking situations which are likewise independent of language.
【甘肃省兰州市2016届高考一轮英语阅读理解和短文改错自练(8)及答案】相关文章:
★ 重庆市2014高考英语阅读理解一轮(精品)训练题(3)附答案
★ 贵州省贵阳市2014高考英语(新人教版)一轮阅读训练(17)附答案
★ 贵州省贵阳市2014高考英语(新人教版)一轮阅读训练(28)附答案
★ 河南省三门峡市2014高考英语一轮(暑假)基础训练(13)附答案
★ 安徽省淮南市2014高考英语一轮单项选择及文章训练(20)及答案
★ 【课堂新坐标】2017届高考英语(通用版)二轮复习短文改错专题训练:考法1 词法错误(含解析)
★ 湖南省汝城二中2014届高考英语一轮复习阅读训练 (37)
最新
2017-04-24
2017-04-24
2017-04-24
2017-04-24
2017-04-21
2017-04-21