【3年高考2年模拟】2016届高三英语一轮复习课件语法专练十一代词和介词_高考复习指南

【3年高考2年模拟】2016届高三英语一轮复习课件语法专练十一代词和介词

　　The waiter arrived with a cup of coffee. 服务员端着一杯咖啡来了。 He came downstairs with his coat over his arm. 他把外衣搭在胳膊上走下楼来。 (4)引导一个表示方式的状语附加语。如: The stranger spoke with a foreign accent. 那个陌生人说话带外国口音。 He looked at me with a frown.他皱着眉头看我。同样用法的有:with a sneer嘲笑地;with a sigh唉声叹气地;with a sob抽噎地; with a laugh哈哈一笑,大笑着。 (5)指原因或理由。如: She was shivering with cold.她冷得发抖。 The small child trembled with fear.那个小孩吓得打哆嗦。 His face was red with anger.他的脸气得通红。 My wife is in bed with influenza. 我的妻子得了流行性感冒卧病在床。 12.by的用法 (1)表示“不迟于(某时间)”的意思。如: We have to be home by ten o’clock. 我们10点钟之前得到家。 I have promised to have the work finished by the end of this week.我已经答应本周末前完成这项工作。 (2)表示“在……期间(一段指明的时间)”的意思。如: They decided to travel by night.他们决定在夜里旅行。 (3)指人体或物体的某一部分。如: He seized me by the arm.他抓住了我的胳膊。 (4)表示“由于……的结果;凭借……”的意思。如: He succeeded by hard work.他凭借努力工作而成功了。 (5)含有“以……的幅度”的意思。如: This one is shorter than the other by three inches. 这一个比那一个短三英寸。 We lost the match by one goal. 我们以一球之差输了那场比赛。 (6)表示买卖东西所按以计算的数或量,或付酬所按以计算的时间。如: Milk is sold by the pint,butter by the pound,and eggs by the dozen.牛奶论品脱卖,黄油论磅卖,蛋类论打卖。 (7)表示“按照……,根据……”的意思。如: By my watch,the time is half past eleven. 按我的表,现在是11:30。 By the expression on his face,he seemed to be displeased. 从他的面部表情来看,他似乎不高兴。 We shall get a storm before long by the look of the sky. 看天色,暴风雨就要来了。 13.介词与某些词类的搭配 (1)名词与介词的固定搭配 ①要求用to的名词:key,answer,visit,apology,introduction,attitude,monument, devotion等。 ②要求用in的名词:interest,satisfaction,expert等。 ③要求用on的名词:mercy,congratulations,effect等。 ④要求用其他介词的名词:prize(for),respect(for),victory(over),struggle (with),excuse(for),(for)fear(of)等。 (2)形容词与介词的固定搭配 ①要求用at的形容词:angry,good,bad,clever,surprised,excited,puzzled,fright- ened等。 ②要求用of的形容词:afraid,sure,certain,full,tired,fond,proud,worthy等。 ③要求用with的形容词:angry,strict,careful,busy,popular,patient等。 ④要求用in的形容词:weak,strict,rich,interested,successful,slow等。 ⑤要求用to的形容词:next,good,polite,kind,cruel,rude,known,married,close, similar,due等。 ⑥要求用for的形容词:sorry,famous,fit,unfit,eager,anxious,hungry等。 ⑦要求用from的形容词:far,different,free,safe,absent等。 ⑧要求用about的形容词:sorry,worried,curious,anxious,sure,certain等。说明:同一形容词与不同的介词搭配,其含义不同。如: