【3年高考2年模拟】2016届高三英语一轮复习课件语法专练六非谓语动词_高考复习指南

【3年高考2年模拟】2016届高三英语一轮复习课件语法专练六非谓语动词

　　四、注意以下表达的意义区别

　　leave 如: It’s wrong of you to leave the machine running. 你让机器一直开着是不对的。(主动,正在进行) The guests left most of the dishes untouched,because they didn’t taste deli- cious. 大部分的菜客人们都没有动,因为它们不可口。(被动,完成) He left,leaving me to do all the rest work. 他走了,留下我一个人去做剩余的所有工作。(主动,将来) We hurriedly ended our meeting,leaving many problems to be settled. 我们匆匆忙忙地结束了会议,留下了很多问题等待解决。(被动,将来) 4.have,get后可以接动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词三种形式作宾语补足语,have,get表示“使、让、叫”之意。 (1)have sth.done=get sth.done 使/让某事由别人去做(叫/让某人做某事)。如: I’ll have/get my bike repaired tomorrow. 我明天得(请人)修一下我的自行车。此外,have sth.done还表示“使……遭受……”之意。如: Tom had his leg broken while playing football. 汤姆踢足球时,伤了腿。 Mr.Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday. 史密斯先生在度假期间,家被盗了。 (2) 如: The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest. 休息了片刻之后,上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进。注意:have sb.doing若用于否定句中,其中have有“容忍”之意。如: I won’t have you speaking to your dad like that. 我不允许你和你父亲那样讲话。 (3) 使/让/叫某人去做某事　如: Mother had me go/got me to go to the shop and buy some salt. 妈妈让我去商店买些食盐。二、下列动词及动词词组后接不定式作补足语,即“动词/动词词组+sb.+to do” advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,invite, like,love,order,persuade,prefer,remind,require,teach,tell,want,warn,wish,think, wait for,call on,depend on等。如: You are not allowed to smoke here. 此处不允许吸烟。 The doctor warned him not to eat too much meat. 医生警告他不要吃太多的肉。三、注意下列结构中用不定式作主语补足语,它们是:sb.be said/believed/ known/reported/considered/found/thought+to do/to have done/to be done/to have been a done。如: He is said to have gone abroad. (=It is said that he has gone abroad.) 据说,他出国了。 Heat is considered to be a form of energy. 热能被看做是一种能量。四、不定式、现在分词作宾语补足语小窍门下列动词在主动语态中用不带to的不定式作补足语,但在被动语态中要加上to:它们是“吾看三室两厅一感觉”——5看(look at,see,watch,notice,ob- serve);3使(make,let,have);2听(listen to,hear);1感觉(feel)。以上动词还可用现在分词作宾语(主语)补足语(5+3+2+1-2+4):即以上动词除let,make(-2)外都可以用现在分词作宾语(主语)补足语,此外find,catch, keep,leave(+4)也可以用现在分词作宾语(主语)补足语。如: I hate to see you leave so soon. 我不愿意看到你这么早就离开。 Someone was heard to come up the stairs. 听见有人上楼了。 At that time,I found him crying in the street. 在那时,我发现他在大街上大哭。 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time. 对不起让你等这么长时间。 He was caught stealing. 他正在偷东西时被抓住了。知识清单三　不定式、分词作定语的用法要点一、不定式作定语 1.作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后面须有相应的介词。如: The Browns have a comfortable house to live in. 布朗一家有一幢舒适的房子可以居住。但是,不定式所修饰的名词如果是time,place或way 时,不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。如: He had no money and no place to live(in). 他没钱,也没有安居之所。 2.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式既可用主动语态,也可用被动语态,但其含义有所不同。试比较: Have you got anything to send?你有什么东西要寄吗?(不定式to send 的动作执行者是“你”) Have you got anything to be sent? 你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗?(不定式to be sent 的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”) 3.用不定式作定语的几种情况: (1)不定式表将来。如: The car to be bought is for his sister. 要买的这辆车是给他姐姐的。 (2)用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no,all,any等限定的中心词,且与中心词为逻辑上的主动关系。如: He was the best man to do the job. 他是做这个工作最好的人选。 She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 她是在奥运会上第一个获得金牌的女性。 (3)用来修饰的词是抽象名词时用不定式,常见的有:ability,chance,idea,fact, excuse,promise,answer,reply,attempt,belief,way,reason,moment,time等。如: Do you have the ability to read and write in English? 你具备用英语读写的能力吗? I have no chance to go sightseeing. 我没有机会外出观光。二、分词作定语 1.作定语的及物动词分词形式为:v.-ing、being+过去分词和过去分词。当被修饰的名词与分词为主动关系时,用v.-ing;当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表正在进行时,用being+过去分词;当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表完成时,用过去分词。如: The houses being built are for the teachers. 正在建的那些房子是为老师们建的。(被动,正在进行) “Things lost never come again!”I couldn’t help talking to myself.我不禁自言自语道:“覆水难收啊!”(被动,完成,表状态)