知识清单四 目的状语从句和结果状语从句 一、目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的从属连词有:so that,in order that,for fear that,in case, lest等。 1.in order that与so that 两个连词都意为“以便……;为了……”,它们引导的状语从句中需用情 态动词。in order that比so that正式,引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之 后,而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。如: I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me. 我会慢慢说,以便你能懂。 In order that we might see the sunrise,we started for the peak early.为了能 看到日出,我们很早就出发去了山顶。 2.for fear that与in case 引导目的状语从句时,for fear that表示“害怕,担心”某事会发生;in case (that)表示“以防(万一)”出现某种情况。如: Mary didn’t want to get out of bed,for fear that she might wake her baby (up).玛丽不想起床,担心吵醒她的宝宝。 Take your raincoat,in case it rains. 带上雨衣吧,以防下雨。 二、结果状语从句 1.引导结果状语从句的从属连词有:so that,so...that...,such...that...在非正 式语体中,由so...that...,such...that...引导的句子中that可以省略,注意其结 构形式: 如:
Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him. =Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him. 迈克是一个如此诚实的工人,以至于我们都相信他。
It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park. 天气如此晴朗,以至于我们都想去公园。 He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family. 他挣这么少的钱,以至于养不起家。 当so或such置于句首时,主句要用倒装语序。如: So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. 他是如此聪明的学生,以至于成功地解出了所有难题。 2.除结果状语从句外,too...to...(太……而不能……),enough to...(达到某种 程度可以……),so...as to...(那么……以至于……)等不定式结构同样可以 表示结果。如: 他起床太晚了,没有赶上那班公共汽车。 He didn’t get up early enough to catch the bus. =He got up too late to catch the bus. =He got up so late as to miss the bus. 知识清单五 条件状语从句和方式状语从句 一、条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的从属连词有:if,unless(=if...not如果不;除非……;否则 ……),so/as long as(只要),in case(万一),on condition that(条件是),suppose/ supposing(假设,如果),provided/providing that(如果)等。如: You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard(=if you don’t study hard). 除非你努力学习,否则你考试会不及格。 As long as you don’t lose heart,you will succeed. 只要不灰心,你就会成功。
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