(2017·湖南高考) (2)动词ing形式有一般式、被动式、完成式和完成被动式四种形式,每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not构成。一般式(doing)表示主动的一般性的动作或者正在进行的动作;被动式(being done)表示正在进行的被动的动作;完成式(having done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的主动的动作;完成被动式(having been done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动的动作。 Having been told many times,he finally understood it. The old man,having worked abroad for twenty years,came back to his motherland. Not having fully recovered from the operation,the patient was advised to stay in hospital for another two weeks. 2.动词ing形式作定语 动词ing形式(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,表示该动作的主动和进行。 There’s a note pinned to the door saying when the shop will open again.(2017·山东高考) 3.动词ing形式作宾语补足语 动词ing形式作宾语补足语时,句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系。动词ing形式作宾语补足语强调正在进行中的主动动作。可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see,watch,hear,observe,feel,find,have,keep等。 Jenny found a wallet lying on the ground. 4.动词ing形式作宾语 (1)常接动词ing作宾语的动词(短语) advise (建议),admit (承认),appreciate (感激),avoid (避免),can’t help (禁不住),consider (考虑),delay (推迟),enjoy (欣赏),escape (逃脱),finish (完成),imagine (想象),keep (on) (继续),mind (介意),practice (练习),suggest (建议),miss (错过),feel like (想要),devote...to (把……献给),get used to (习惯于),look forward to (期望),object to (反对),set about (开始),put off (推迟)等。 I had great difficulty finding the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. Bill suggested holding a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. (2)可用动词ing,也可用不定式作宾语,但意义区别明显的动词
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