Prosocial behavior, as defined in the study, is action intended to benefit another person or society as a whole.

　　The researchers found that after a short period of cellphone use the subjects were less inclined to volunteer for a community service activity when asked, compared to the control-group counterparts. The cellphone users were also less persistent in solving word problems — even though they knew their answers would be translated to a monetary donation to charity.

　　The study involved separate sets of college student subjects ?both men and women and generally in their early 20s. 揥e would expect a similar pattern of effects with people from other age grou wps,” said Ferraro. “Given the increasing pervasiveness(盛行)of cellphones, it does have the potential to have broad social implications.”

　　The authors cited previous research in explaining a root cause of their findings: “The cellphone directly evokes feelings of connectivity to others, thereby fulfilling the basic human need to belong to.” This results in reducing one’s desire to connect with others or to engage in empathic(同情的) and prosocial behavior.

　　The study also distinguished its subjects from users of other social media — Facebook users — in one of the tests. The authors found that participants felt more connected to others because of their cellphones than because of their Facebook accounts, suggesting that this difference in connectedness was the underlying driver of the observed phenomenon.

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