12. (2017·长沙模拟)Damage caused by flooding in the small town ________ by a government official, and the total loss was reported last Monday.

　　A. is inspected B. is being inspected

　　C. was being inspected

　　D. had been inspected

　　【解析】选D。句意: 洪水对小镇造成的危害已经被政府官员视察, 并于上周一报道了总损失。只有先视察, 才能报道损失, 因此用过去完成时, 表示动作先于后面的动作。

　　13. —How did she lose so much weight as expected?

　　— ________ eating less, she jogged for several miles every day.

　　A. In spite of B. In addition to

　　C. Instead of

　　D. Thanks to

　　【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意: ——她怎样如愿地瘦了这么多? ——除了少吃外, 她每天还慢跑几英里。in addition to意为“除了……还……”, 符合语境。

　　14. A lot of language learning, ________ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.

　　A. as B. it

　　C. which

　　D. this

　　【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意: 正如所发现的那样, 大量的语言学习是在出生后的第一年发生的, 所以父母应当在那一时期多和孩子说话。分析句子结构可知, “ ________ has been discovered”为非限制性定语从句, 又因空处指代“A lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life”整个句子, 故用as。

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