20. A. free B. short

　　C. aware

　　D. fond

　　【解析】选A。词语辨析题。摆脱那些限制的束缚, 会是什么样子, be free of摆脱; be short of缺乏; be aware of意识到; be fond of喜欢。故选A。

　　. 阅读理解

　　(2017·江苏四市联考)

　　Hacking our senses to boost learning power

　　Some schools are pumping music, noises and pleasant smells into the classroom to see if it improves exam results. Could it work? Why do songs stick in our heads? What does your school smell like? Is it noisy or peaceful?

　　It might not seem important, but a growing body of research suggests that smells and sounds can have an impact on learning, performance and creativity. Indeed, some head teachers have recently taken to broadcasting noises and pumping smells into their schools to see whether it can boost grades. Is there anything in it? And if so, what are the implications for the way we work and study?

　　There is certainly some well-established research to suggest that some noises can have a harmful effect on learning. Numerous studies over the past 15 years have found that children attending schools under the flight paths of large airports fall behind in their exam results. Bridget Shield, a professor of acoustics(声学)at London South Bank University, and Julie Dockrell, from the Institute of Education, have been conducting studies on the effects of all sorts of noises, such as traffic and sirens(汽笛), as well as noise generated by the children themselves. When they recreated those particular sounds in an experimental setting while children completed various learning tasks, they found a significant negative effect on exam scores. “Everything points to a bad impact of the noise on children’s performance, in numeracy, in literacy, and in spelling, ”says Shield. The noise seemed to have an especially harmful effect on children with special needs.

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