题型突破 栏目链接 虚拟语气 语法专题 一、虚拟语气的定义 语法专题 虚拟语气使用一种特殊的动词形式以表示说话人所说的话并不是客观存在的事实,而是一种假设、主观愿望、怀疑或推测等。虚拟语气主要是通过谓语动词的一定变化来体现的。 二、虚拟语气的应用 语法专题 1.虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的应用。 虚拟条件句的谓语动词形式 主句的谓语动词形式 例句 与现在事实相反 If+主语+did/were 主语+would/ should/could/ might+do ·If I were you,I should_seize the chance to go abroad. 与过去事实相反 If+主语+had done 主语+would/ should/could/ might+have done ·If you had_taken my advice,you would_not_have_failed in the exams. 与将来事实相反 (1)If+主语+did/were (2)If+主语+were to do(3)If+主语+should do 主语+would/ should/could/ might+do ·If he should_not_come tomorrow,we should_put_off the meeting till next Monday. 语法专题 2.if的省略。 如果虚拟条件句的谓语动词中含有were/had/should,可省略连词if,把were/had/should放在主语前构成倒装。如果虚拟条件句是否定式,倒装时只能把not放在主语之后,不能用缩写式或把not放在主语之前。 ·Were I you,I would accept his invitation. ·Had they come here earlier,we could have finished the work already. 语法专题 ·Should he come,tell him to call me up. ·If I hadn't warned you,you could have been killed.(转换为if省略句) →Had I not warned you,you could have been killed.(√) →Hadn't I warned you,you could have been killed.(×) 3.使用虚拟语气的常用句型。 (1)It is (high) time that sb. did sth./should do sth.是该某人做某事的时候了 ·It is high time that the children went to bed. 语法专题 ·It is high time that the children should_go to bed. (2)would rather (that ) sb. did sth.宁愿某人做某事 ·I would rather he came tomorrow. (3)advise,suggest,recommend,require,demand,command,order,insist,propose 等动词的宾语从句中,谓语动词常用should +动词原形;同时这些动词的名词形式advice,suggestion,recommendation,requirement,command,order,proposal的同位语从句或表语从句中的谓语动词也用should+动词原形的形式。 其中should都可以省略。 语法专题 ·She required that the boy(should)_be retested. ·He suggested all the passengers(should)_remain seated. (4)It is important /necessary /strange /natural that sb. should do sth.某人做某事很重要/必要…… ·It is necessary that we should_take a break now. (5)if only引起的虚拟语气,表示“如果……那多好”。 ·If only I had more free time. ·If only I were a bird! 专项训练 语法专题 用动词的适当形式填空 1.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _____________(break).
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