资讯并没有提到葛教授驾驶的汽车品牌,但很可能是一辆豪车。美国加州大学伯克利分校的心理学家在2013年做过一项著名研究,发现豪车司机比其他司机更容易违法。他们肆意插车,在人行横道上也很少礼让行人。研究小组得出结论称,“追求自身利益能够增加个人财富和地位,这种为一己私利服务的不道德行为是自我延续的动力,它加剧社会贫富差距。”换句话说,豪车司机认为他们可以违反规则,危及他人。
According to the World Health Organization, more than 1,200,000 people worldwide are killed each year in car crashes. Four to five times that number are seriously injured. We euphemistically call these crashes “accidents,” but 95 percent are the result of reckless or negligent driving.
据世界卫生组织统计,全球每年有超过120万人死于车祸。受伤人数是死亡人数的4到5倍。我们委婉地称这些车祸为“事故”,但95%都是由于鲁莽或疏忽驾驶造成的。
Luxury car drivers are the worst, but psychological research shows that just being behind the wheel of a car leads drivers to become more angry, aggressive, and anti-social than they in other situations. Psychologists use the term “de-individuation” to refer to a situation where a person feels anonymous and not constrained by social norms. A 1970 study by psychologist Philip Zimbardo kicked off this field of research when he showed that anonymous students are willing to administer twice the level of electric shock to other students that they would if their names were known or their faces could be seen.
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