The lower reaches of the Yellow River have long been known as "rivers on the ground"! How did the "river on the ground" come into being? It turns out that the middle reaches of the Yellow River flows through a fragmented Loess Plateau with loose soil layers and many tributaries. Due to the destruction of vegetation on the Loess Plateau, a large amount of sediment and rainwater will flow into the Yellow River in case of rainstorm, making the Yellow River the most sediment laden river in the world. According to observation, the Yellow River is still rising at an average annual rate of 10 cm. The harm of the Yellow River lies in the breach and diversion of the lower reaches. Because a large amount of sediment enters the river and deposits in the downstream channel. 90% of the sediment of the Yellow River comes from the middle reaches. Therefore, strengthening the soil and water conservation in the middle reaches of the Loess Plateau is the fundamental to control the Yellow River.
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