In the face of these wonderful verses, it seems that we can study the relationship of "feeling, thinking and scenery" in ancient poetry. Yuan Hongdao of the Ming Dynasty once said in the poem of Xu Xiaoxiu, "emotion changes with the environment, and words grow with emotion." Yuan Mei, a scholar at the same time, also said that "painting begins with verve and poetry focuses on temperament."
那么,在对古代诗词的管中窥豹中,似乎可以得到一个关于“情,思,景”的这样的结论:以情观景或因景生情,然后又由景而思。这或许是大多数作品的写作模式,我们把这种写作模式叫做“即兴写作”。那么,在“即兴写作”中应偏情呢,还是偏景呢?
Then, from the perspective of ancient poetry, it seems that we can get a conclusion about "feeling, thinking, and scenery": to view scenery by feeling or by scenery, and then by scenery. This may be the writing mode of most works, which we call "improvisation". So, in the "improvisation" should be partial to the situation, or partial to the scene?
清代的吴乔这样说:“古诗多言情,后世之诗多言景。如《十九首》之中:‘孟冬寒气至’,建安中之子建《赠丁仪》:‘初秋凉气发’者无几;日盛一日,梁陈大盛,至唐末而有清空如话之说,绝无关于性情,画也非诗也。夫诗以情为主,景为宾。景物无自生,惟情所化,情哀则景哀,情乐则景乐。唐诗能融景入情,寄情于景,如子美之:‘近泪无乾土,低空有断云’;沈下贤之:‘梨花寒食夜,深闭翠微宫’;严维之:‘柳塘春水漫,花坞夕阳迟’;祖咏之:‘迟日园林好,清明烟火新’;景中哀乐之情宛然,唐人胜场也。宏嘉人依盛唐皮毛以造句者,本自无意,不能融景,况其叙景惟欲阔大高远,于情全不相关,如寒夜以板为被,赤身而挂铁甲。”
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